References



Additional References for Technoscientific Thinking and the Telephone

Basalla, G. (1988). The Evolution of Technology. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press.

Bell, A.G. (Unpublished Notebook) Experiments made by A. Graham Bell, Vol. I, Box 258, Bell Family Papers, Library of Congress.

Bell, A.G. (1908) The Bell Telephone Boston: American Bell Telephone Co.

Bell, A.G. (1876)The Multiple Telegraph. Boston: Franklin Press.

Bradshaw, G. (1992) The airplane and the logic of invention. In Giere, R. N. (ed.) Cognitive Models of Science. Minnesota Studies in Philosophy of Science, Volume 25, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 239-250.

Bruner, J. Goodnow, J. & Austin, G. (1956). A study of thinking. New York: John Wiley.

Carlson, W.B. & Gorman, M.E. (1990). Understanding invention as a cognitive process: The case of Thomas Edison and early motion pictures, 1888-1891. Social Studies of Science, 20, 387-430.

Carlson, W.B. & Gorman, M.E. (1992). A cognitive framework to understand technological creativity: Bell, Edison, and the telephone. In Weber, R.J. & Perkins, D.N. (Eds.) Inventive minds: Creativity in technology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Dunbar, K. (In Press) How scientists really reason: Scientific reasoning in real-world laboratories. In R.J. Sternberg & J. Davidson (Eds.) The Nature of Insight. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Ericsson, K.A. & Simon, H.A. (1984). Protocol Analysis. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.

Evans, J. St. B.T. Selective processes in reasoning. In Evans, J. St. B.T. (Ed.) Thinking and reasoning. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul: 135-163.

Farris, H. & Revlin, R. (1989). The discovery process: A counterfactual strategy. Social Studies of Science, 19, 497-513.

Farris, H. & Revlin, R. (1989a). Sensible reasoning in two tasks: Rule discovery and hypothesis evaluation. Memory & Cognition, 17(2), 221-232.

Finke, R. (1990). Creative Imagery: Discoveries and Inventions in Visualization. Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Finn, B.S. (1966). Alexander Graham Bell's experiments with the variable resistance transmitter. Smithsonian Journal of History, 1, 1-16.

Gentner, D. &. Stevens, A.L. (Eds.) (1983) Mental Models. (Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum).

Gooding, D. (1990) Mapping experiment as a learning process: How the first electromagnetic motor was invented. Science, Technology and Human Values, 15(2), 165-201.

Gorman, M.E. (1991). Counterfactual simulations of science: A response to Farris and Revlin. Social Studies of Science, 21, 561-4.

Gorman, M.E. (1992). Simulating science: Heuristics, mental models and technoscientific thinking. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.

Gorman, M.E., Mehalik, M., Carlson, W.B. & Oblon, M. (1993) Alexander Graham Bell, Elisha Gray and the speaking telegraph: A cognitive comparison. History of Technology, vol. & pp. tba.

Gorman, M.E., Stafford, A. & Gorman, M.E. (1987). Disconfirmation and dual hypotheses on a more difficult version of Wason's 2-4-6 task. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 39A, 1-28.

Gruber, H. Darwin on Man: A Psychological Study of Scientific Creativity (University of Chicago Press, 1981).

Hounshell, D.A. (1981). Two paths to the telephone. Scientific American, 244: 156-163.

Hughes, T. (1983) Networks of power: Electrification in Western society: 1880-1930. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.

Isaak & Just (In Press) Constraints on Thinking in Insight and Invention, In R.J. Sternberg & J. Davidson (Eds.) The Nature of Insight. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Jenkins, R.V. (1984). Elements of style: Continuities in Edison's thinking. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 424, 149-162.

Johnson-Laird, P.N. (1983). Mental Models . Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

Josephson, M. (1959). Edison: A Biography. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Klahr, D., & Dunbar, K. (1988). Dual space search during scientific reasoning. Cognitive Science, 12, 1-48.

Klayman, J., & Ha, Y.-W. (1987). Confirmation, disconfirmation and information in hypothesis testing. Psychological Review, 94, 211-228.

Kulkarni, D., & Simon, H. A. (1988). The Processes of scientific discovery. The strategies of experimentation. Cognitive Science, 12, 139-175.

Latour, B. (1987). Science in Action. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

Mynatt, C. R., Doherty, M. E., & Tweney, R. D. (1977). Confirmation bias in a simulated research environment: An experimental study of scientific inference. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 29, 85-95.

Mynatt, C. R., Doherty, M. E., & Tweney, R. D. (1978). Consequences of confirmation and disconfirmation in a simulated research environment. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 30, 395-406.

Norman, D. (1993) Things That Make Us Smart: Defending Human Attributes in the Age of the Machine. NY: Addison-Wesley.

Norman, D. (1988 )Psychology of Everyday Things, (New York: Basic Books)

Oaksford, M. & Chater, N. (In Press) Another look at eliminative and enumerative behaviour in a conceptual task. The European Journal of Cognitive Psychology.

Popper, K.R. (1992) In Search of a Better World: Lectures and Essays From Thirty Years. London: Routledge.

Prescott, G.B. (1884). Bell"s electric speaking telephone. New York: D. Appleton & Co., 1878.

Richards, L.G., Gorman, M.E., Kagiwada, J.K., Scherer, W.T., Pet-Edwards, J. Carlson, W.B., Cline, A.C. (1994) Teaching Invention & Design, 1994 ASEE Conference Proceedings

Schauble, L., Klopfer, L. E., & Raghavan, K. (1991). Student's Transition from an Engineering Model to a Science Model of Experimentation. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 28(9), 859-882.

Taylor, L (Unpublished Manuscript) The untold story of the telephone. Elisha Gray Papers, National Museum of American History, Box 6, Folder 6.

Tweney, R. D. (1989). A framework for the cognitive psychology of science. In Gholson, B., Shadish, Jr., W. R., Neimeyer, R. A., & Houts, A. C. (Eds.), Psychology of Science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Tweney, R. D. (1985). Faraday's discovery of induction: A cognitive approach. In Gooding, D., & James, F. (Eds.), Faraday Rediscovered: Essays on the Life and Work of Michael Faraday, 1791-1867. New York: Stockton Press.

Tweney, R.D. & Chitwood, S.T. (In press). Scientific reasoning. In S. Newstead & J. Evans (eds.) Current directions in thinking and reasoning. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Tweney, R. D. (1991) Faraday's notebooks: the active organization of creative science. Physical Education, 26: 301-306.

Tweney, R. D., Doherty, M. E., Worner, W. J., Pliske, D. B., Mynatt, C. R., Gross, K. A., & Arkkelin, D. L. (1980). Strategies of rule discovery on an inference task. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 32, 109-123.

Wason, P. C. (1960). On the failure to eliminate hypotheses in a conceptual task. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 12, 129-140.

Weber, R.J. (1992). Forks, phonographs, and hot air balloons: A field guide to inventive thinking. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Weber, R.J. & Perkins, D.N. (1989). How to invent artifacts and ideas. New Ideas in Psychology, 7, 49-72.

Wetherick, N.E. (1962). Eliminative and enumerative behaviour in a conceptual task. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 14, 246-249.

Wilensky, R. Planning and Understanding: A Computational Approach to Human Reasoning. (Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1983).




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