PAVILION VI

ARCHITECTURAL DESCRIPTION


VISUAL SOURCES


The plan and exterior appearance of Pavilion VI can be documented from several nineteenth-century visual sources. The earliest surviving visual documentation includes three sheets of architectural drawings, two of which were produced by Jefferson. The more detailed one includes plans of the basement, first, and second floors as well as the front (west) elevation. The second drawing is a cruder version of the first floor plan. A much more finished sheet of drawings has been traditionally attributed to Cornelia Jefferson Randolph. It illustrates the first floor plan and the front elevation including the terrace that still exists in front of it. It has been suggested recently that the drawing attributed to Cornelia Randolph may have in fact been prepared by John Neilson. Another source, the Peter Maverick plan, which was first produced after March 22, 1822, includes a rear (east) exterior stairway descending from the first floor to the garden.


There are several early illustrations of the front facade of the pavilion. Since this part of the pavilion did not change over time, these representations consistently show the same features. The clearest and most realistic of these illustrations is the famous Bohn lithograph published in 1856.


Illustrations of the rear elevation are of considerable interest because there are many unresolved questions concerning the original fenestration and the date of construction of the rear addition. A lithograph by P. S. Duval published in 1850 clearly shows the first and second floors with five windows across each level. This arrangement agrees with the plans drawn by Jefferson and Randolph. An important drawing titled "The Hunter" also shows the two floors each with five openings. The center opening of the first floor appears to be a doorway with a stairway descending to the rear garden area. A wood engraving, based on a drawing from October, 1853, and published in the August, 1856, issue of Harper's magazine, portrays the east facade with only three windows, suggesting that the rear addition had been constructed. However, it is possible that this engraving is not an accurate representation because the Bohn engraving produced in 1856 again illustrates the first and second floors with five windows.


The earliest known photographic view has been dated 1868. It is significant because it shows the rear addition for the first time. The second story fenestration is clearly represented with the three windows that are still in place today. The first floor fenestration is obscured by what may be the porch seer~ln later photographs. A circa 1920 aerial photograph illustrates again the pavilion and the rear addition. The location of the chimney on the rear portion of the roof can be seen along with a two-level roofed porch, which extends fully across the facade of the basement and first floor levels.

A photograph from the Holsinger Studio dating from March 16, 1914, illustrates well the east facade and the surrounding landscape. The three-bay-wide, two-level wood porch has an ornamental balustrade and a simple stairway, which may be a later insertion. The first floor facade behind the porch is in shadow, making the details difficult to distinguish. A fanlight and paneled doors are visible in the center bay. The south bay is obscured by a shade suspended between the porch columns. The north bay features what appears to be a wide window bordered with a light colored architrave and covered by large shutters or blinds. The hinges are visible on the architrave. The covering may mask a larger tripartite window of which there is no trace today. This opening may have been modified as part of the 1928 remodeling.


EVOLUTION OF THE PLAN

Pavilion VI has evolved over time to its present form and plan. The original structure designed by Jefferson was modified by successive occupants to fit their needs. Changes continued to be made in the twentieth century, especially when the pavilion was put to academic use. The current renovations continue this evolution.

Possibly the earliest modification of the structure was made by Professor Gessner Harrison, who submitted plans for an office, or servants' area, to be erected at the rear of his pavilion in 1831. This attached, one-story structure may have been similar to a basement-story addition for the accommodation of domestics erected at the rear of Pavilion I in 1832.

Evidence on the original rear (east) wall of Pavilion VI uncovered during the current renovations may indicate the roof line of this 1831 addition. A line of tar or asphalt extends along the brickwork above the juncture of the roof of this addition and the back wall. The dimensions and appearance of the addition are not known. In 1840, a new superstructure was placed over the porch in the rear of the pavilion. This porch may have been located on the roof of the addition, or it may have extended out from the rear of the structure.

This initial addition was replaced by a larger structure. The exact date for the construction of this larger wing has not been determined; it was probably built between 1860 and 1875.

Although the internal configuration of the present three-story brick addition has been modified twice in this century, it retains much of its nineteenth-century external appearance. The only known early visual record that illustrates the present addition is a photograph of the university taken from the east, which has been dated 1868. This shows the three windows across the east facade of the addition in the same form as they exist today.


In 1860, Professor Lewis M. Coleman obtained permission to construct an addition at a cost not to exceed twenty-five hundred dollars. Coleman submitted his resignation from the faculty in 1861, but his family continued to occupy the pavilion through the fall of 1862. It is not known whether the proposed addition was constructed during this brief period. There is also documentation for a considerable amount of construction dating from the occupancy of Professor George F. Holmes (1862-1898). There is a bill dated 1870 for laying 2,300 bricks and installing a total of 40 panes of window glass. In 1875, there is another bill for 1,000 bricks. Perhaps the photograph that illustrates the rear addition may have been dated too early, for the documentary evidence suggests that the present rear addition was constructed between the years 1860 and 1875 during the occupancy of Professor Holmes.


Little physical evidence concerning the internal arrangement and appearance of this addition has survived. Structural framing exposed during the current remodeling indicates that there was originally a large chimney mass located in the center of the addition. There were two fireplaces on the first floor and possibly another two on the second floor. The window trim and sash in various rooms consisted of the original woodwork dating from Jefferson's time, which was removed from the east wall of the original pavilion, and replications of this trim needed for additional windows. As part of this construction, or perhaps as part of a later addition, an impressive two-level (basement and first floor) covered porch was built across the rear of the addition. This porch is visible in a Holsinger Studio photograph of 1914 and in an aerial view of the pavilion dating from circa 1920.

The second addition probably survived unchanged until the pavilion was remodeled for use by the Romance Language Department in 1928. The work accomplished at that time in the original portion of the pavilion included the installation of four patterned hardwood floors and the creation of the Salle Lafayette (Room 205) with frescoed walls and ceiling. The rear addition was extensively remodeled to create single large rooms on the first and second floors. The work was directed by Dr. William A. Lambeth, the Superintendent of Buildings and Grounds and apparently an authority on colonial architecture.

An extensive restoration was accomplished in 1954 under the direction of Professor Frederick D. Nichols. The intent of this work included the restoration of the original Jefferson-era plan and finishes to the front portion of the pavilion and the reinstallation of partitions in the large rooms of the rear addition to accommodate the needs of domestic occupation. No modifications were made in the Salle Lafayette.

Although the nineteenth-century plan of the rear addition was not restored, some semblance of that plan may have been recreated. Each floor was divided into two areas north and south of the original chimney mass. The dining room (109) and the bedroom (210) may approximate the rooms originally in these locations. The most significant exterior modification made at this time was the removal of the two-story porch, which extended across the rear of the wing.

The current renovations (1989-90) are primarily concerned with the upgrading of the mechanical and electrical systems and the remodeling of the kitchen and bathrooms. During this work, areas of heretofore untouched original Jefferson-era period fabric were disturbed, and modifications were made to the 1954 plan of the rear addition.

Part of this renovation will involve the restoration of original paint schemes on the exterior and interior surfaces when this information can be determined from surviving evidence.


EXTERIOR


Pavilion VI is located in the center of the East Lawn. The west facade facing the Lawn is five bays wide and two stories high with a pediment. The colonnade connecting the buildings of the East Lawn projects several feet forward as it passes in front of the building.


Although there are no colossal columns here as there are on seven other pavilions, the moldings on the facade were based on similar architectural antecedents, in this case the Ionic order of the Theater of Marcellus, as noted by Jefferson on his drawings of the pavilion and also in his "Operations at & for the College." William B. O'Neal has suggested that the order was taken, as were the orders on many of the other buildings, from the illustration in Roland Fréart de Chambray's Parallèle de l'architecture antique avec la moderne . The wooden entablature (1' 5" deep) has a three-fascia architrave, an unornamented frieze, and a denticulated cornice (Type C-5). Below the dentil course is an ovolo decorated with egg-and-dart ornament. The wooden pediment above the entablature has a twenty-five-light, semicircular window with a single-fascia architrave (Type T-30) at the center and is capped with a raking cornice.


The deep entablature of the west facade is carried around the three remaining sides of the structure as a unifying element. Above the entablature, there is a standing-seam terne-coated steel roof. The original chimney, centered on the ridge towards the front of the building, projects three courses above the ridge, is corbelled back two courses, continues up seventeen courses, and ends in a five-course brick cap.


The lower story of the west facade is deeply recessed behind the projecting colonnade, whose columns (with Tuscan bases and capitals and shafts with exaggerate entasis) support a full entablature (two-fascia architrave, plain frieze, and cornice, Type C-6). A low, wood parapet above the entablature consists of horizontal stile-and-rail panels, one per bay, each with one recessed wood panel. The wood balustrade above the parapet was inspired by Chinese models illustrated in English pattern books. It has a bottom rail, a top rail, and solid panels between vertical posts above the columns. In the spaces between the posts, light, wood members form patterns of diamonds, triangles, and trapezoids. The patterns in the five bays are not symmetrical; the arrangement of diamonds in the central bay is the same as that in the southernmost bay, but each of the patterns in the other bays is different. This wood balustrade is a reconstruction of the original feature, which was replaced in the nineteenth century by a cast-iron balustrade. The present balustrade was installed in 1976-77.

The original red brick of the facade is laid in Flemish bond with king closers at the window openings and queen closers at the ends. The handmade bricks, which vary in size (approximately 8" long, 4" wide, and 2-5/8" high), are laid so that the height of six courses including joints equals approximately 1' 3-3/4". The mortar in the narrow joints is slightly recessed at the edges and nearly even with the surface of the brick in the center. Much of the mortar under the portico, where it has been protected from the weather, appears to be original. There are traces of a red wash or paint on the brick.


The recently installed pavement between the colonnade and the building facade consists of brick (7-3/4" to 8" long by 3-1/2" to 3-5/8" wide) laid without mortar in a herringbone pattern with a one-brick-wide border along the facade. The exposed structure supporting the floor of the porch above consists of 3-1/2" by 7" wood beams with chamfered edges (approximately 2' 3-1/2" o.c.) spanning from the top of the entablature to the wall of the house, where they are let in. Small sleepers, also chamfered on the bottom edges and arranged perpendicular to the beams, provide the direct support for the floor boards above. There is a recent light fixture with a ribbed glass globe in the ceiling.


Two wooden steps lead to the original stone threshold of the central doorway of the first story. The original entrance door (Type D-1), which is set in a shallow reveal and sand-painted to resemble stone, has two leaves, each with three raised panels. Each of the two bays on either side of the entryway has an original window with 6/6 double-hung sash. The articulation of the second story is similar to that of the first with a door in the center bay and original windows with 6/6 double-hung sash in the side bays. Doors and windows, including the windows in the basement, which have three-light, hinged sash, are surrounded by architraves of similar profiles (fillet, cyma recta, and two fasciae) but varying widths (8" at the doors, Type T-27, and 6 -1/2" at the windows, Type T-32). The windows on the first and second floors and the door on the first floor are also flanked by blinds, louvered with a center rail, mounted on strap hinges, and positioned against the wall with holdbacks. At the first floor level, the blind on the north side of the north window and the one on the south side of the south window are divided at the center rail; the top halves do not rest flat against the building due to the return of the entablature of the colonnade. There is an original iron latch on the blinds for the entrance door.

The second-story porch has a floor as wide as the facade covered with painted flat-seam metal roofing of 2'x 4' pans. The floor slopes slightly to the west to a slight curb at the balustrade. At the east, the metal is carried up one course and turned into the masonry. At the south end of the porch, seven metal-covered steps (9" high with 11"+/- treads) down to the roof of the range to the south are flanked by the ornamental wood balustrade on the west and a three-rail wood balustrade to the east. On the north end there are three similar metal-covered steps down to the range to the north.

Two wooden steps (5' wide, with risers 10', 7", and 4" and treads 10" deep with a 1-1/4"+/- nosing)lead up to the central doorway at the rear of the porch. There is a twentieth-century two-leaf stile-and-rail screen door; each leaf has two panels. The leaves each have a pair of 3" butts. The north leaf has a brass, mortise lock and latch set with brass face plates on both sides and a lever on the interior and a knob on the exterior. There is a keeper on the south leaf, which also has surface-mounted sliding bolts at top and bottom. The original stile-and-rail door (Type D-8) behind has two leaves, each with three raised panels. The reveal between the screen door and the door has three panels on the sides and two on the top, which correspond in length and placement to those of the paneled door.


The north facade is five bays wide with two stories and a basement. The facade is topped by an entablature surmounted by the standing-seam terne-coated steel roof. The western three bays mark the extent of the original Jefferson building; the two-bay addition to the east was added circa 1860 to 1875. Both the basement and the first floor have four windows (to the east of the student room to the north), and the third floor has five windows. All windows in this facade contain 6/6 double-hung sash and are framed by two-fascia architraves at sides and top; those in the basement are lower (pane size 12" by 12") than those in the upper floors (pane size 12" by 18"). The two-fascia architraves have a number of different profiles. On the basement windows from west to east the profiles are Type T-33, Type T-34, Type T-35, and Type T-36. On the first floor the architraves of the two windows to the west have profile Type T-32, and those of the two windows to the east have Type T-39. The three windows in the original Jeffersonian portion of the second floor have profile Type T-32, while those in the addition have Type T-39. The windows in the upper two floors have blinds, while those in the basement do not. All of the blinds appear to be relatively recent replacements.

The original portion of this facade is constructed of bricks (approximately 8-1/4" long by 3-7/8" wide by 2-l/2" to 2-5/8" high) laid in American bond (five courses of stretchers followed by one course of headers) so that six courses equal approximately 1' 6-1/4". The mortar joints are considerably wider and do not have the delicate profiles seen on the west facade, although the original joint profiles may have been obscured by repointing. The brickwork of the circa 1860-75 addition is laid with brick of approximately the same dimensions as those of the original building, although the dimensions of these bricks are not as uniform, the height varying, for example, between 2-1/4" and 2-3/4". The bricks are laid in a bond that has either three, four, or five courses of stretchers alternating with a course of alternating stretchers and Flemish headers.

The wall of the first and second stories of the original structure is set back from the basement wall approximately 2-1/4". On the addition, the basement wall is aligned with the wall above. The top two courses, however, project out in line with the basement wall of the original building. There is one downspout on this facade, which is located at the juncture between the original pavilion and the rear wing.


The east facade, built as part of the circa 1860 to 1875 addition, is three bays wide and rises two stories above the basement. It is capped by the entablature, which is topped by a pediment with a raking cornice and a 26-light semicircular window with an architrave (Type T-30), similar to that on the west facade. Evidence in the attic suggests that the pediment on the rear of the original building was moved to the rear of the addition. The basement has a central doorway, now filled with a fixed panel; the first floor has a central doorway (including a door and a 16-light transom) flanked by windows, and the second floor has three windows. There is a pair of screen doors in front of the first floor door. The north and south windows on the first and second floors have blinds, but the central door on the first floor and the central window on the second floor do not. The east facade of the original Jeffersonian pavilion was five bays wide. The second floor had five windows, and the first floor featured a central door flanked on each side by two windows. This arrangement is illustrated by the original Jefferson plans and by later illustrations including the 1850 lithograph by P. S. Duval and the 1856 Bohn engraving. It is also substantiated by investigation of original brickwork on all three floors. The fenestration was modified when the facade was rebuilt in its new position circa 1860 to 1875.


The bricks on this facade are similar to those in the added portion of the north facade and are laid with a bond of four or five stretcher courses followed by a course of alternating headers and stretchers. The surface of the basement wall projects five inches beyond that of the wall above. At the top of the basement, the wall steps back with two courses of molded brick, one stretcher course and one header course, each with a cavetto profile. There are two tie-rod plates, one on either side of the sill of the central window on the second story.

The basement story is framed by 8" thick garden walls set 4" in from the north and south edges. The panel of beaded board (8-3/8" wide) with a set of wooden louvers was installed in the doorway at the center of this story, possibly in 1954. It is framed by an architrave (Type T-28). At the bottom of the masonry opening is a stone threshold (4-3/4" high by 4' 7" long). There is a duplex receptacle in an electrical box centered approximately 7" above the masonry opening. There is a hose bibb 7" to the north of the opening.


The doorway on the first story is bordered on top and sides by a 7-3/4" sand-painted, two-fascia architrave (Type T-27). The molding between the top of the door and the transom (Type T-31) is interrupted by the top member of the frame of the screen door. The screen door has two stile-and-rail leaves, each with two panels. The bottom panels of each leaf have stamped sheet aluminum behind the screening. Each leaf has a pair of 3" butts. The south leaf has a mortised brass screen lock and latch set (with a 1-7/8" rose on each side, a 1-1/2" knob on the exterior, and a lever and lock on the interior) and an Ives pneumatic closer mounted to the top rail. Pintles on the architrave indicate that previously there were blinds at the sides of this opening. The sand-painted reveal with a cyma recta and fillet on the inner edge has been interrupted with a stop for the storm door. At the rear of the reveal is the six-panel stile-and-rail door (Type D-1). This is the original rear door of the Jefferson pavilion moved to this position circa 1860 to 1875. The windows, one on either side, have 6/6 double-hung sash with 6-1/2" wide architraves (Type T-39), except that the architrave at the top of the south window is narrower; the bottom of this window is set one-half brick course higher than that of the window to the north. The blinds on the windows have "S"-shaped holdbacks. There is a relatively recent incandescent carriage-type centered approximately 1' 0-1/2" north of the north edge of the masonry opening for the door and 6' 0-1/2" above the stone threshold.

Paint lines on the masonry of the first story indicate that there was previously a porch or addition on the rear of this story extending to approximately l' 6" from the north and south corners and approximately to the top of the seventh brick course above the head of the doorway. The brickwork in this area was painted or stained red at one time. Ghost marks indicate that it had a cornice and a semicircular gutter. There is also evidence of toothed repointing around the north and south windows and above the door. An excellent 1914 photograph from the Holsinger Studio illustrates the porch and what appears to be a larger shuttered window opening in the north bay. A matching window may be located in the south bay, but this location is masked by a porch shade. A circa 1920 aerial photograph illustrates a large roofed porch arranged in three bays, which extended fully across the rear of the pavilion at the basement and first floor levels.


The three windows on the second floor have two-fascia wide architraves (north and south: 6" wide, profile T-40; center: 6-l/2" wide, profile T-41). The blinds on the north and south windows have scrolled holdbacks except for the south blind on the south window, which has an "S"-shaped holdback. The central window has no blinds, but pintles on the architrave and a scrolled holdback in the masonry on the south side of the window indicate that there were once blinds in this location.

The wood porch at the first floor level (4'-6" wide by 10' 9-1/2" long) is supported on the west by the wall of the building and on the east by four wood columns (5-1/2" square) with chamfered edges, two on either side of the basement door. The porch floor is made up of 5-l/2" wide boards spaced approximately 3/8" apart. Stairs 4' wide lead down from the porch to landings on the north and south (eleven risers 7" to 7-1/8" high with treads 10" deep with a 1-3/8" nosing). The landings are approximately 4' 6" wide and 4' 1-1/2" deep. From the landings, stairs (five risers) lead down to the brick pavement to the east. The open edges of the porch and the staircase are protected by a wood balustrade similar to that across the front of the building. The east side of the stairs from the porch supports an open latticework of horizontal and vertical wood strips (1/4" by 3/4"). This porch was constructed as part of the 1954 renovation.

There is a pavement of brick (8" long by 3-7/8" wide) in basketweave pattern to the east of the house. In the pavement centered 2' 4" from the face of the east wall and 1' 11" north of the south edge of the masonry opening for the door is a cast-iron manhole cover (2' 1" diameter frame with a 1' 7-3/4" diameter cover). Below the cover is a cylindrical brick cistern approximately 4' deep.


The south facade, five bays wide with two stories and a basement, is topped by the entablature surrounding the building and a standing-seam metal roof. The chimney rises from the peak of the roof between the first and second bays of the facade. The original structure was three bays wide; the two bays to the east were added circa 1860 to 1875. The brickwork is similar to that on the north facade. On the original portion, the masonry steps back at the top of the basement level; on the addition, it is in the same plane at the basement level as it is in the upper two stories. The top two courses of the brickwork on the basement addition project out in line with the masonry of the basement of the original structure. There is a mortar wash on the top of this projection.

The student room to the south occupies the whole western bay of the basement and first story. In the basement, the second, fourth, and fifth bays from the west have windows with 6/6 double-hung sash and two-fascia architraves (approximately 6-3/8" wide: architrave at the westernmost window has profile Type T-38; architrave profile of two windows to the east is Type T-37). A door with four glazed lights above the lock rail and two wood panels below (Type D-10), which is not original, is located at the juncture of the second and third bays. The trim at the sides and top of the door (1-7/8" wide with a 10-3/4" reveal, Type-T-29) is recessed slightly behind the plane of the facade. There is a concrete landing (6' 5" wide by 4' 5" deep and sloping from 5-1/2" thick at the building to 4" thick at the south edge) 9" below the door sill. It rests on brick walls. Bricks set flush with the concrete surface form a six-pointed star inscribed in a circle (2' 9" in diameter). Brick stairs (5' 9-3/4" wide with 8" risers and treads 1' 4" deep with a 1/2" nosing) built on a concrete slab lead down from the door to grade. The concrete slab projects 1' 5" in front of the bottom riser. Wood balustrades similar to those across the front porch flank the stairs and the landing. There is an incandescent light fixture with a round metal base and projecting metal shade approximately 11" to the east of the door's masonry opening and 5' 6-1/2" above the sill.


On the first floor there are windows in the four bays to the east, and in the second floor there are windows in all five bays. The frames of all windows are approximately the same size, and they all have a form of two-fascia architrave. The architraves of the two windows to the west on both the first and second floors have profile Type T-32, and those of the other windows on these two stories have profile Type T-39. The windows in the middle bay on both floors, which light the staircase, have only bottom sash; the top halves of the frames are filled. The blinds on these windows are split in the middle; the top portions are fastened closed and the lower portions are opened back against the wall. These openings were probably created when the rear addition was constructed circa 1860-75 and windows were removed from the original rear (east) facade. All other windows have opened blinds except the window in the second bay from the west on the first floor, which has a half blind on its west side that opens against the student room wall in this location. The blinds appear to be relatively recent replacements. There is one downspout on this facade at the end of the original portion of the building.

PAINT INVESTIGATION

The investigation of the exterior painted elements of Pavilion VI revealed numerous layers of accumulated paint on some portions of the building. Wood elements, including the entablatures, pediments, window and door trim, and sash, were originally primed and finished in a yellowish white (2.5 Y 9/1). Later layers (as many as eighteen) repeated this color as well as a more pure white that has continued in use on the trim today. Accumulated dirt is evident between each succeeding application of paint. The yellowish white was also applied to the front (west) colonnade including the entablature and the underside of the second floor porch deck. The delicate Chinese-style balustrade is a twentieth-century restoration and does not have the early paint layers. It is covered with layers of white paint.

The front door architrave is now covered in a thick sand paint, which was recently applied. This inappropriate finish covers approximately twelve layers of earlier paint and the original yellowish white (2.5 Y 9/1). The paired entrance doors at the first and second floors were originally grained to simulate mahogany. A later finish found on the second floor doors was a graining that may have simulated oak.

The original door and window blinds which remain on the front elevation have approximately nine to twelve layers of accumulated paint. A gray primer is followed by a greenish black (10 GY 2.5/1) and then a lighter forest green. Original blinds used on the rear elevation have the same accumulation of paint layers.

Investigation of the brick facade revealed that the masonry was at one point painted a brownish-orange (terra cotta) color. The mortar joints were painted white under this red stain. An unusual treatment is still partially visible around the small basement windows of the front facade, where a band of white paint extends along the base of the foundation and continues around each of the windows. The analysis revealed that there were four white layers followed by two red layers, which were probably applied to mask the white band after it was no longer desired. When this decoration was applied is not known, but it is visible in early photographs taken by I. T. Frary.


INTERIOR


Pavilion VI was examined and analyzed to document its existing condition, to determine where repairs are needed, and to provide a better understanding of the changes and modifications that the building has undergone since its initial construction. Techniques used in the examination included visual investigation and description, measuring and drawing, and comprehensive photographic documentation of the building.


Because some of this examination and analysis was undertaken while the structure was unoccupied and after renovation work had commenced, it was sometimes possible to investigate areas behind finished surfaces. These subsurface investigations included the study of the ceiling structure in the basement (the first floor framing) and the wall and ceiling structures of the rear addition at all levels. The installation of new wiring resulted in the opening up of large areas in the walls and partitions in the original pavilion and the rear addition. The structural characteristics in these opened areas were noted. Because it was not possible to do thorough subsurface investigations in all areas, it is important that elements and construction of the building exposed during future work be carefully documented. Information gained from such documentation may confirm or alter conclusions summarized below.


As part of the physical investigation of Pavilion VI, a paint investigation was undertaken to determine the original paint schemes of the first and second floor rooms, selected basement rooms, and all exterior painted surfaces.


Two methods of investigation were used to determine the historic paint colors--the microscopic analysis of small samples of paint removed from painted surfaces such as plaster walls and wood trim, and the physical removal of paint by scraping, layer by layer, and then visually inspecting the exposed colors using a hand-held magnifier. These two methods reinforced each other and acted as checks to minimize the possibility of error in the final color determination.

The microscopic analysis involved the collection of samples, approximately 1/4" square, from the various painted surfaces using a scalpel. These samples were placed in small envelopes, which were identified by location of sample and by any other pertinent information encountered during the collection process. The samples were then examined using a Bausch and Lomb Stereozoom 7 microscope to determine the number of paint layers and to identify colors. These colors were then matched to those found in the Munsell Book of Color: Matte Finish Collection and recorded using National Bureau of Standards nomenclature. Although for purposes of this study the original colors were of most concern, it was found that often later colors were of help in determining the development of a building chronology. Unfortunately, investigation showed that most of the plaster wall and ceiling surfaces had been replaced or covered over as part of the 1954 restoration work. Possibly, during future restoration work, some of the original plaster surfaces will be uncovered and early painted or wallpapered surfaces can then be recorded.

Vital components in the paint investigation process are the collection and study of written documentation dealing with the construction and habitation of the building after its initial construction and the study of early photographs of the interior and exterior. In the case of Pavilion VI, little or no information has surfaced in this area. Although the various inhabitants are known, little information concerning their occupancies has been discovered. This is particularly so with the later nineteenth-century and twentieth-century occupants. Although the paint analysis has revealed where changes were made in the various rooms, scarcity of documentation has made it impossible to develop an accurate chronology for these changes. The lack of historic interior photographs, even recent photographs, makes it difficult to interpret the decorative evidence that has been discovered in the interior.

BASEMENT


Jefferson's floor plan of the basement does not indicate any stairway descending from the first floor. In the location now occupied by the narrow stairhall (Room B01), the plan illustrates a nearly square room, illuminated by two windows. However, although some of the finishes have been modified, the existing stairhall and the stairway are original features.


All of the extant finishes date from the renovations undertaken in circa 1928 and 1954. The appearance of the original Jefferson-period basement woodwork and doors is not known at this time.

The largest room (B02), located on the north side, apparently functioned originally as the household kitchen. The large working fireplace is still extant. A single iron crane anchor survives within the fireplace. In 1929 and later, this room was used as a classroom for teaching advanced courses in French. The original function of the smaller room (B03) to the south is not known. In 1929, it may have functioned as an office. The two rooms in the rear wing served as small classrooms.


The circa 1860-75 rear addition extends to the east of the original rear wall of the Jefferson-period pavilion. The original use and arrangement of the rooms in this wing is unknown. The removal of the plaster ceilings during the current renovation revealed a structural system that was framed around a large chimney mass that originally (c. 1860-75) existed in the center of the addition. The location of this chimney is also revealed in the attic roof framing over the rear of the pavilion. The circa 1920 aerial photograph illustrates the chimney in place above the roof. The entire chimney mass was removed when the rear addition was extensively remodeled circa 1928.

ROOM B01 STAIR HALL


The stair hall is in the southeast corner of the original structure. There is a door in each wall. The door in the south wall leads to the exterior; the door in the west wall leads to Room B03; the door in the north wall leads to Room B02; and the door in the east wall leads to Room B04. Although Jefferson's plan does not illustrate this narrow hall or the stairway, this is probably the original configuration.

Dimensions: 6' 1" wide by 14' 6" long by 8' 0" high.

Floor: Carpet (recent) over painted concrete (probably 1954).

Ceiling: Painted plaster on expanded metal lath (1954), which covers the original floor framing and deafening.

Walls: Painted plaster over brick masonry. The east wall is the rear wall of the original pavilion. There were originally two window openings in this wall.

Baseboard: 5-1/2" wood fascia (Type B-8) (1954) at lower level and 6" high wood baseboard with 5-1/4" splashboard and 3/4" flush bead at the top of the stairs (original).

Doors: Four doors with wood surrounds. The door to the south has a two-fascia molding recessed behind the face of the masonry opening (Type T-20). This opening was probably created when the rear addition was constructed circa 1860-75. The door to the east has a simple molded frame (Type T-19). The doors on the north and west have one-fascia architrave surrounds (Type T-21). All four doors are painted.

No. B011: Stile-and-rail door with two raised and beveled panels below the lock rail and two-pane win- dows flanking a central mullion above (Type D-10) with the glass glazed on the inside of the door. This door dates from the construction of the rear addition or later. There is foil security tape on the inside of the glass. Hardware: Pair of 4-1/2" high butts, iron box lock (3-1/2" by 6-3/8") and keeper with brass knobs (c. 1928 or 1954), Corbin cylinder lock, and mid-twentieth century security system key switch. There is a plugged hole from an earlier lock with a metal plate over it.

No. B031: 1-3/4" thick stile-and-rail door with six raised, slightly beveled panels (Type D-13). Hardware: Pair of 4-1/2" butts. Brass-faced mortise latch and strike with brass knobs each side (c. 1928 or 1954). There are three twisted wire coat hooks and two broom hooks on the west side of door.

No. B021: 1-3/4" thick stile-and-rail door with six raised panels (Type D-ll). Hardware: Pair of 4-1/2" butts. Brass-faced mortise latch and strike with brass knobs each side (c. 1928 or 1954).

No. B041: Stile-and-rail door with six raised and beveled panels (Type D-14). Hardware: Pair of 4-1/2" butts. Brass-faced mortise latch and strike with brass knobs each side. Physical evidence on the door indicates that the current lock replaces an earlier Russwin mortise lock.

Stairway: Closed-string stairs (original) with nine risers leading up along east wall to winders at south end. Risers are 8-3/4" high; treads are 10-1/4" with a 7/8" nosing. There are two winders followed by another riser at 90 degrees to the main run of the stairs making a total of 12 risers floor to floor. The trim along the wall is a continuation of the baseboard at the bottom (Type B-8), a fascia ending in a quirk and a flush bead. The outside of the string is 1' 1-7/8" wide, consisting of a broad fascia with a quirk and a flush bead at the bottom edge and a cavetto, fillet, and torus at the top. The painted balusters are 3/4" X 1" spaced approximately 5-1/4" o.c.. The simple rail (elliptical with a flattened bottom, 2-1/4" wide) and turned newel post are mahogany. The handrail may have been modified circa 1928.

Heating: 4" hot water pipe running east-west about 1' 0" below ceiling approximately 4' 11" from north wall (20th century).

Lighting: Incandescent ceiling fixture with painted metal base and l1" diameter frosted schoolhouse-type glass globe (20th century) mounted in center of ceiling east and west and approximately 1' 4" south of north wall. Fixture is wired with surface raceway. There is a star-shaped base with incandescent bulb at top of stairs.

Plumbing: Two pipes running east-west approximately 1' 0" below ceiling.

Equipment: Control box for security system mounted beneath the stairs on the south wall. Fire extinguisher mounted on the east wall beneath the stairs.

Paint Investigation: Most of the painted surfaces date from the late nineteenth century and twentieth century. The only surviving Jefferson-period surfaces in this room are those of the stairway.

ROOM B02 NORTHWEST ROOM


This room in the northwest corner of the original structure has a door in the east wall leading into the hall and a door in the south wall leading into the stairhall. This room originally served as the kitchen for the Jefferson pavilion. Jefferson's plan illustrates a single window and doorway in the east wall and one window in the north wall. A partition near the west end of the room (20th century) separates the main space from the pipes running inside the west wall. There is a door in this partition. In November, 1929, this room was used for teaching advanced courses in French.

Dimensions: 19' 7" wide by 24' 6" long by 8' 01/4" high.

Floor: Painted concrete (probably 1954). A current excavation in the northwest corner revealed crushed fragments of brick in the soil beneath the concrete floor. They may indicate that there was originally a brick floor in the former kitchen.

Ceiling: Painted plaster on expanded metal lath (1954), which covers the original floor framing and deafening.

Walls: Original plaster on masonry except for the west wall, which is plaster on concrete block. This partition was probably constructed in 1954. All walls are painted.

Baseboard: 6" concrete fascia (1954).

Doors: Three painted doors with wood surrounds. Both the door in the south wall and that in the east wall have one-fascia architrave moldings (c. 1928 or later); that on the south wall is 5-1/2" wide (Type T-21) and that in the east wall is 6-1/4" wide (Type T-26). The door on the west wall has a later (1954) 3 7/8" molding (Type T-17).

No. B021: Circa 1928 or 1954 1-3/4" thick stile-and-rail door with six raised panels (Type D-11). Hardware: Pair of 4-1/2" butts. Brass-faced mortise latch and strike with brass knob each side (c. 1928 or 1954).

No. B022: 1" thick stile-and-rail door with six panels (Type D-12). Hardware: Pair of 3-1/2" butts. Box lock and keeper with knob painted black each side. The door and hardware were installed in 1954.

No. B051: Circa 1928 or 1954 stile-and-rail door with six raised and slightly beveled panels (Type D-16). Hardware: Pair of 4-1/2" butts, mortise lock(stamped "Russwin M86") and strike with brass knob and keyhole escutcheon each side (c. 1928 or 1954).

Windows: Two original window openings with 6/6 double-hung sash (panes 12" by 12") near the east end of the north wall. The windows have a projecting sill (torus, fillet, cavetto, and fascia) but no trim at top and sides. The meeting rails of the sash in both windows have a sweep thumb latch in the center and a cylinder lock and keeper at the west end, with an extra keeper on the west stile of the upper sash. There are pulley covers over the pulleys on the window to the west.

Fireplace: The original 8' 2-1/2" wide chimney breast projects 4' 10-1/2" from the south wall. The face of the chimney breast is plaster without ornament. The fireplace opening (6' 4" wide by 2' 5-1/2" deep) is topped by a segmental arch (3' 11-3/4" high at the sides and 4' 4" high in the center). The walls inside the fireplace are of brick in running bond; the floor is of brick laid in a herringbone pattern. All brick is painted black. There is an iron crane anchor on the east wall of the fireplace interior.

Heating: 4' hot water pipe running east-west approximately 1'2-1/2" below ceiling approximately 4' 1" south of north wall (20th century).

Lighting: Incandescent ceiling fixture with painted metal base and 11" diameter schoolhouse-type frosted glass globe (20th century) mounted near center of ceiling.

Paint Investigation: Some original plaster was uncovered on the north masonry wall. The initial color on this surface was a pale orange-yellow (7.5 Y. 8/4-8/6).

ROOM B02A PIPE ROOM


The small area partitioned off from the west end of the northwest room contains piping that supplies hot water and water from the central university source. The space is accessible through a door in the east wall. Prior to 1954 this space was part of the former kitchen (Room B02). The woodwork forming the window architraves is some of the only surviving original trim in the basement of the pavilion.

Dimensions: 2' 8" wide by 19' 7" long by 8'0-1/4" high.

Floor: Painted concrete (probably 1954).

Ceiling: Painted plaster on expanded metal lath, which covers the original floor framing and deafening. There is evidence of original wood lath and plaster.

Walls: Original painted plaster on masonry except for east wall, which is exposed concrete block. This wall was probably constructed in 1954.

Baseboard: 6" concrete fascia on north, south, and west walls (1954). There is no baseboard on the east wall.

Doors: One painted door with wood trim at top and sides (Type T-17). This door was installed with the partition in 1954.

No. B022: 1" thick stile-and-rail door with six panels (Type D-12). Hardware: Pair of 3-1/2" butts. Box lock and keeper (1954) with knob painted black each side.

Windows: Two original windows near the top of the west wall, each of which has one three-light top-hinged inswinging sash (pane size 12" by 14') with two 3" hinges. The sash of the north window has a wooden turn latch at the bottom. The windows have sloping sills and deep angled reveals at the sides (Type T-11).

Heating: Numerous hot water pipes running north south along the west wall (20th century). Lighting: Incandescent ceiling fixture with porcelain socket and exposed bulb wired with exposed metallic shielded cable (20th century).

Plumbing: Numerous pipes running north-south along the west wall (20th century)

Paint Investigation: The original window trim was initially finished in a yellowish white (2.5 Y 9/2). This layer was then covered by a layer of dark varnish. Because these windows were originally in the kitchen, their paint color indicates the finish used on other woodwork in that original space.

ROOM B03 LAUNDRY ROOM


The laundry room in the southwest corner of the original structure has one doorway in the east wall leading into the hall. The original use for this room is not known.

Dimensions: 14' 5" wide by 19' 8" long by 7' 10" high.

Floor: Painted concrete (probably 1954).

Ceiling: Painted plaster on expanded metal lath, which covers the original floor framing and deafening. There is evidence of the original wood lath and plaster.

Walls: Original plaster on masonry, painted.

Baseboard: 6" concrete fascia (1954).

Doors: One painted door in east wall with a one-fascia architrave at sides and top (Type T-21). This door was installed circa 1928 or 1954.

No. B031: 1-3/4" thick stile-and-rail door with six raised, slightly beveled panels (Type D-13). Hardware: Pair of 4-1/2" butts. Brass-faced mortise latch and strike with brass knobs each side (c. 1928 or 1954). There are three twisted wire coat hooks and two broom hooks on the west side of door.

Windows: One original window opening in south wall and two original windows in west wall. Window in south wall has 6/6 double rope-hung sash (panes 12" by 12", muntin 5/8"). There is a sweep thumb latch on the meeting rails and a cylinder lock and keeper at the west end of the meeting rails. The window is open with a panel at the bottom for a dryer vent. There is a simple wood architrave (Type T-9) around the top and west side of the window only. The windows in the west wall each have one three-light top-hinged inswinging sash (pane size 12" by 14", maintain 5/8") with two 3" hinges and a cylinder lock at the north end of the bottom rail. The sash of the south window has a wooden turn latch at the bottom. The windows have sloping sills and deep angled reveals at the sides (Type T-ll).

Heating: 4" hot water pipe centered approximately 8-1/2" below the ceiling and located 4' 11" south of the north wall and 1' 8" east of the west wall with smaller connections to the radiators on the floor above. The pipe enters the room 2' 3" above the floor on the south wall.

Lighting: Four incandescent ceiling fixtures (20th century) with painted metal bases, one in each quadrant of the ceiling. Those in the northeast and southwest quadrants have 11" diameter schoolhouse-type frosted glass globes; those in the northwest and southeast quadrants are missing globes.

Plumbing: Numerous pipes running north-south inside west wall. There is an 18" by 24" white enameled cast-iron sink with backsplash with a chrome faucet and soap dish. There are also supply and waste connections for a washing machine.

Paint Investigation: No original Jefferson-period surfaces survive in this room.

ROOM B04 BEDROOM


The bedroom in the southeast corner of the basement has a door to the hall on the north and a door to the stairhall on the west. This room is located in the rear addition constructed against the back (east) wall of the Jefferson pavilion circa 1860-75. A large chimney mass was originally centered on the north wall, and a fireplace may have been located there.

Dimensions: 14' 6" wide by 17' 5" long by 8' 0" high.

Floor: 3-3/4" tongue-and-groove boards running east west (c. 1928). The flooring is supported on massive vertical sawn floor joists with evidence of lath and plaster on their bottom edges, which indicates that they were salvaged from another location where they served as ceiling joists. There was an earlier rear addition constructed in 1831, and these members may have been reused from that structure. Excavations undertaken during the current renovation uncovered three layers of brick paving in the soil beneath this floor. These relate to the earlier addition and/or an outdoor paved yard.

Ceiling: Painted plaster on expanded metal lath. There is evidence of earlier wood lath and plaster. The configuration of the framing near the center of the north wall indicates the position of the large chimney mass that originally extended up through the center of the rear addition (c. 1860-75). This feature was removed when the large rooms were created on the first and second floors circa 1928.

Walls: Painted plaster over brick.

Baseboard: Wood, 6" high with a 3/4" quarterround at the bottom and a quirk and a flush bead at the top (Type B-8) (c. 1928 or 1954).

Doors: Two painted doors with single-fascia architrave surrounds, one in west wall (Type T-22) and one in north wall (Type T-24).

No. B041: Stile-and-rail door with six raised and beveled panels (Type D-14). Hardware: Pair of 4-1/2" butts. Brass-faced mortise latch and strike with brass knob each side. Physical evidence on the door indicates that the current lock replaced an earlier Russwin mortise lock.

No. B042: Stile-and-rail door with six raised panels (Type D-15). Hardware: Pair of 4-1/2" butts. Brass-faced mortise latch and strike with brass knob each side (c. 1928 or 1954).

Windows: Two window openings in south wall (c. 1860-75) with later 5-1/4" wide trim (c. 1928 or 1954) recessed 6-3/8" from interior wall surface at the sides and top. Each window has two six-light sash, pane size 12" by 12". The bottom sash of the window on the east has two spring balances; the bottom sash of the window on the west has one spring balance on the east end of the sash. Sash in each window have a sweep thumb latch in the center of the meeting rails, a cylinder lock and keeper on left end of the meeting rails, and an extra keeper on the east stile of the top sash. This locking hardware is twentieth century. Prior to the construction of this rear wing (c. 1860-75), there were two exterior window openings in the west wall.

Heating: 4" hot water pipe located approximately 8-1/2" below ceiling 4' 7-1/2" south of north wall and 3' 11" west of east wall, with connections to radiators on the first floor.

Lighting: Incandescent ceiling fixture with painted metal base and 11" diameter schoolhouse-type frosted glass globe (20th century) mounted in center of ceiling.

Other Features: There is a 2' 1-1/4" deep by 4' 1-1/4" wide by 6' 6" high built-in wardrobe (1954) with two sliding flush doors at the east end of the north wall. The wardrobe has a 4-3/4" high base (fascia topped with a cyma reverse) and a 2" high cap (cyma reverse and fillet).

Paint Investigation: No nineteenth-century painted surfaces survive in this room.

ROOM B05 HALL


The circa 1860-75 configuration of this space is not known. At that time a large chimney foundation was located in the position of the east partition.

Dimensions: 5' 0" wide by 7' 6" long by 8' 0" high.

Floor: Carpet (recent) over concrete slab (20th century).

Ceiling: Painted plaster on expanded metal lath (c. 1928 or 1954) attached to wood framing dating from circa 1860 to 1875. The opening for the chimney was filled in with wood framing circa 1928.

Walls: Painted plaster over brick.

Baseboard: 5-1/2" concrete fascia (1954).


Doors: Four doors with one-fascia architrave surrounds. The 6-1/4" architrave trim on the door to the west (Type T-25) is recessed into the masonry opening 3/4" behind the plane of the wall. The architraves on the other three doors (north wall, Type T-21; south and east walls, Type T-23) are 5-3/8" wide and project 2" from the face of the wall. All four doors are painted.

No. B051: Circa 1928 or 1954 stile-and-rail door with six raised and slightly beveled panels (Type D-16). Hardware: Pair of 4-1/2" butts, mortise lock (stamped "Russwin M86") and strike with brass knob and keyhole escutcheon each side (c. 1928 or 1954).

No. B042: Stile-and-rail door with six raised panels (Type D-15). Hardware: Pair of 4-1/2" butts. Brass-faced mortise latch and strike with brass knob each side (c. 1928 or 1954).

No. B061: 1-3/4" thick stile-and-rail door with six raised, slightly beveled panels (Type D-17). Hardware: Pair of 3-1/2" butts. Mortise lock and strike with brass knob and keyhole escutcheon on west side (no keyhole) and chrome knob and thumb latch on interior. The chrome face of the lock is stamped "Russwin" (1954).

No. B071: Circa 1928 or 1954 stile-and-rail door with six raised and beveled panels (Type D-18). Hardware: Pair of 4-1/2" butts. Mortise lock (stamped "Russwin M88") and strike with a brass knob and keyhole escutcheon each side (c. 1928 or 1954).

Lighting: Incandescent ceiling fixture with painted metal base and no globe (20th century) mounted in center of ceiling.

Equipment: Electrical panel on north wall by Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company, Type NJT, Style 71002, Number 358268, with 12 positions for fuses and switch. Conduit runs exposed at top of west wall and north wall and down north wall to just above panel.

Paint Investigation: No nineteenth-century painted surfaces survive in this hall.

ROOM B06 BATHROOM

The bathroom was created as part of the 1954 renovation. Prior to that time, the hall (Room B05) extended through this space to the former back exterior doorway.

Dimensions: 5' 0" wide by 9' 4" long by 8' 0" high.

Floor: Carpet (recent) over concrete slab (20th century).

Ceiling: Painted plaster on expanded metal lath (c. 1928 or 1954) on circa 1860-75 wood joists. The opening for the chimney was filled in with wood framing circa 1923.

Walls: Painted plaster over brick. The exterior doorway in the east wall was covered over circa 1954.

Baseboard: 5-1/2" concrete fascia (1954).

Doors: One painted door in west wall with later 3-3/4" wide trim (Type T-17) projecting 3/4" from wall surface at sides and top.

No. B061: 1-3/4", thick stile-and-rail door with six raised, slightly beveled panels (Type D-17). Hardware: Pair of 3-1/2" butts. Mortise lock and strike with brass knob and keyhole escutcheon on west side (no keyhole) and chrome knob and thumb latch on interior. The chrome face of the lock is stamped "Russwin" (1954). Heating: 4" hot water pipe running north-south about 9-1/2" below ceiling and 3' 11" west of east wall.

Lighting: One incandescent ceiling fixture with painted metal base and 10" diameter schoolhouse-type frosted glass globe (20th century) mounted in center of ceiling and one incandescent fixture with a 4-1/2" molded base and 4-1/2" diameter by 5-1/2" long glass globe (translucent on the top and sides and clear on the bottom) over the medicine cabinet (20th century).

Plumbing: Twentieth-century plumbing fixtures on north wall: white enameled cast-iron lavatory with backsplash (1' 6" deep by 1' 8" wide, "Standard") with two chrome-plated faucets and chrome supply and waste piping; two-piece white porcelain water closet ("Standard"); and freestanding 2' 8" by 2' 8" sheet metal shower with molded terrazzo shower pan, chrome-plated faucets and shower head, and exposed painted galvanized-steel supply piping.

Equipment: An 8" through-wall exhaust fan in a 2' 0-3/4" high by 2' 5" wide wood frame in east wall. Fan is centered 2' 5-1/2" from south wall and 5' 0" above the floor.

Other Features: 18" by 24" semi-recessed medicine cabinet with chrome-framed arc-topped mirrored door over sink; one toilet tissue holder; one chrome soap dish; one chrome glass and toothbrush holder on west wall; and three square towel bars with chrome end brackets (two of which are 24" long and one of which is 18" long).

Paint Investigation: No nineteenth-century painted surfaces survive in this room.

ROOM B07 BEDROOM

The bedroom in the northeast corner of the basement has a door to the hall on the south. Prior to the circa 1928 renovations, there was a chimney mass incorporated into the center of the south partition. There may have been a fireplace in that location. Excavation under the concrete floor during the current renovation uncovered remnants of brick paving in the soil. This brick relates to the earlier rear addition and/or an early paved outdoor area.

Dimensions: 14' 0" wide by 17' 5" long by 8' 0" high.

Floor: Carpet (recent) over concrete (1954).

Ceiling: Painted plaster on expanded metal lath. There is evidence of three periods of finish on this ceiling. The original finish (c. 1860-75) consisted of wood lath secured with cut nails. This surface was replaced with one composed of wood lath secured with wire nails (c. 1928). In turn, this ceiling was replaced by one formed of expanded metal lath (1954). The mortise-and-tenon framing for a former first-floor hearth is visible in the ceiling framing next to the south wall.

Walls: Painted plaster over brick. The west brick wall is the original rear wall of the Jefferson pavilion. A portion of this wall was exposed during the current renovations. Original mortar joints were revealed. The bricks are 2-3/8" high by 3-7/8" wide by 8" long. A line of asphalt residue on this brick may indicate the roof line of the circa 1831 rear addition.

Baseboard: 5-1/2" high concrete fascia (1954).

Doors: One painted door in south wall (c. 1928 or 1954) with 5-3/8" wide single-fascia architrave (Type T-21) at sides and top.

No. B071: Stile-and-rail door with six raised and beveled panels (Type D-18). Hardware: Pair of 4-1/2" butts. Mortise lock (stamped "Russwin M88") and strike with a brass knob and keyhole escutcheon each side (1954).

Windows: Two (c. 1860-75) window openings without trim at sides and top in north wall. Each window has two 6/6 pane, double-hung sash; the panes are 12" by 12". The sash in each window have a sweep thumb latch in the center of the meeting rails and a cylinder lock and keeper on left end of the meeting rails (20th century).

Heating: 4" hot water pipe located approximately 11" below ceiling 4' 1" west of east wall and 4' south of north wall, with connections to radiators on the first floor.

Lighting: Incandescent ceiling fixture with painted metal base and 11" diameter schoolhouse-type frosted glass globe (20th century) mounted in center of ceiling.

Other Features: There is a 2' 1" deep by 5' 1" wide by 6' 5-5/8" high built-in wardrobe (1954) with two sliding flush doors in the southwest corner of the room. The wardrobe has a 4-3/4" high base (fascia topped with a cyma reverse) and a 2" high cap (cyma reverse and fillet).

Paint Investigation: No nineteenth-century painted surfaces survive in this room.

FIRST FLOOR


The three original drawings for Pavilion VI include the first floor plan. Each drawing illustrates the plan with slight variations. Of the two surviving Jefferson drawings, the most complete includes plans of the basement, first, and second floors as well as a front elevation. The first floor plan includes a central chimney mass and small front and rear vestibules. Two windows are shown in the north wall of the former lecture room (Room 105), a condition that exists today. The stairhall has two windows in the east wall with the stairway rising in front of them. These windows were removed circa 1860-75. The second Jefferson drawing is very crudely drawn on graph paper and is labeled "No III East." It illustrates the same concepts with one exception, a single window that is shown in the east wall of the stairhall at the foot of the staircase.

The more finished drawing produced by either Cornelia Jefferson Randolph or John Neilson includes the first floor plan and the front elevation. The plan follows the more complete Jefferson plan with the exceptions of a different configuration for the chimney mass and only a single window in the north wall of the lecture room (Room 105).

An attempt to reconstruct these plans as an overlay on a plan of the existing structure produced a floor plan most like that drawn by Randolph or Neilson with a somewhat awkward, deep but narrow space on the west side of the chimney mass.


The present first floor plan was created during the renovations planned by Frederick D. Nichols in 1954. The Nichols plan introduced features not shown on any of the early plans. The front and rear vestibules (Rooms 101 and 104) are much larger; the recesses at the side of the study (Room 105) fireplace were eliminated; and a closet was inserted in the center of the masonry chimney mass.

The current investigation did not reveal conclusive evidence of the original configuration of the first floor plan. It is possible that neither the early plans nor the Nichols plan represent the original condition. The original plan may have duplicated the second floor plan with large front and rear vestibules or halls and a narrow passage, which extended through the brick chimney mass, connecting them.

Documentation and physical evidence indicate that the first floor plan was modified several times during the nineteenth century. The earliest changes may have occurred when a single-story addition was constructed at the rear of the pavilion in 1831. The present rear addition was probably constructed sometime between 1860 and 1875. This extensive undertaking may have included renovations to the interior of the original pavilion. Sometime during the last century, a partition was constructed in Room 105 parallel to and 5' 6" east of the west wall. This partition created a corridor and diminished the size of the lecture room. There is also evidence that a doorway leading into the neighboring student room was opened in the north wall of Room 105. In 1875, a closet was removed and a door closed up, but this may have occurred on the second floor.


The configuration of the rear wing has changed at least twice since its construction in the nineteenth century. The initial first floor plan probably consisted of a central chimney mass flanked on the north and south by single large rooms, each with a fireplace. There may have been a corridor joining the original rear vestibule of Jefferson's pavilion to a new rear entrance in the addition. This corridor may have passed through the brick chimney mass in the same manner as the second floor corridor in the Jefferson pavilion. This chimney is seen in a 1914 photograph from the Holsinger Studio.

The first documented modification of this plan occurred in 1928 when a single large room was created on the first floor of the rear wing. This change resulted in the complete removal of the chimney mass. At that time the room functioned as a classroom for teaching Spanish. In 1954, Frederick Nichols created the present arrangement of the dining room, kitchen, pantry, and bathroom.

An aerial photograph taken circa 1920 and the Holsinger Studio view best illustrate the exterior appearance of the rear addition in perhaps its original state. A chimney protrudes from the rear (east) end of the roof and a two-level (basement and first story) porch extends completely across the rear elevation. The porch has an intricate wood balustrade.

Early illustrations of the rear elevation of the Jefferson pavilion indicate that there were five openings across the elevation at the first and second floors. The basement level is never visible. This configuration is shown in the Duval lithograph published in 1850, in a pre-1853 drawing titled "The Hunter," and in the Bohn engraving of 1856. A photograph possibly dating from 1868 illustrates the recently completed rear addition with a row of three windows at the second floor.

ROOM 101 ENTRANCE HALL

The entrance vestibule provides access to the former lecture room on the north side and to the professor's domain on the south. The present vestibule, which dates from 1954, is much deeper in plan that the space illustrated in the Jefferson and Randolph plans. Originally, there may have been an opening in the east partition that allowed one to walk through a passage in the chimney mass to the rear vestibule.

Dimensions: 5' 1" wide by 8' 9" long by 12' 1" high

Floor: Original tongue-and-groove boards approximately 5-1/2" wide running east-west, stained and varnished.

Ceiling: Painted plaster on lath. The plaster surface may have been replaced as part of the 1954 restoration.

Walls: The west wall is original plaster on masonry, and the north and south partitions are original plaster on lath. The center section of the east partition was constructed in 1954. The plaster is painted.

Baseboard: Original wood baseboard with a 6" high splashboard and a 2" high molded top (Type B-l). The base along the east partition was installed in 1954(Type B-3).

Doors: Two-leaf exterior door in the west wall with architrave surround (Type T-12) painted and grained on the interior and painted on the exterior. There is a multi-pane transom above this door. One door in the north wall and one door in the south wall with architrave surrounds (Type T-13); both doors are painted and "rained. There is evidence that some element was previously attached to the center of the architrave above the door on the south wall; there are two 5/8" plugs at 2-3/4" on center. There is evidence that an object was previously attached on the east architrave of the door on the north wall; there are holes 5' 0" and 5' 6" above the floor.

No. 1011: Two original 1-3/4" thick three-panel stile-and-rail leaves with raised wooden panels (Type D-l). Hardware: Each leaf has one pair of original 6-1/2" iron butts secured with original screws. Leaves have one later iron box lock (3-5/8" high by 6-1/2" wide) and keeper with recent brass knob on interior, one Corbin surface-mounted iron box lock and keeper, and a steel sliding bolt and keeper. South leaf has 5" by 1" mail slot and original bottom and top iron surface bolts secured with original screws. The outline of the original 5" by 3" box lock is visible around the current lock.

No. 1021: Original 1-3/4" thick stile-and-rail door with six raised panels (Type D-2). Hardware: One pair of original 6-1/4" iron butts secured with original screws and one later mortise lock and strike with brass knobs and keyhole escutcheons installed in 1954. Lock is stamped "Fontaine Paris" and "Made in France." The door was originally hung from the east jamb. When in that position there was initially a 4-1/2" by 5" box lock on what is now the hinged side of the door. This box lock was later replaced with a 5-1/8" high mortise lock.

No. 1051: Original 1-3/4" thick stile-and-rail door with six raised panels (Type D-2). Hardware: One pair of original 6-1/4" iron butts secured with original screws and one later mortise lock and strike with brass knobs and keyhole escutcheons installed in 1954. Lock is stamped "Fontaine Paris." The door was originally hung from the east jamb. There is evidence of an earlier, possibly original, 5-1/8" high mortise lock located on the current hinged side of the door.

Lighting: recent incandescent hanging ceiling fixture of brass with a glass globe.

Paint Investigation: Investigation of the painted plaster wall and ceiling surfaces revealed that these areas were disturbed during the 1954 renovation. Only five layers of paint survive on the plaster wall surfaces. The earliest layer is a pale yellow (2.5 Y 8.5/4). The third layer is a yellowish gray (5 Y 7/2). This layer was followed by a wallpaper of which paste residue survives. The ceiling was originally of unpainted white plaster. The first surviving paint layer on that surface is a yellowish white (5 Y 9/2). The original woodwork including the door architraves and the crown molding of the baseboards was initially finished in a yellowish white (2.5 Y 9/2). This finish was later covered in approximately ten more layers of creams and whites. The vertical faces of the baseboard and the blocks below the door architraves were primed in the yellowish white and finished in a moderate reddish brown (10 R 3/4). The doors were originally grained to imitate mahogany.

ROOM 102 STUDY


This large room, an original portion of the professor's private living quarters, was designed to serve as the professor's study. When this building functioned as the Romance Pavilion, this room was used for instruction in French. Most recently the Cross family used the room as a study. The room retains its original appearance with the exception of the reproduction mantel, which was installed in 1954. The appearance of the original mantel in this location is not known.


The room is entered by a door from the small front hall. A doorway in the east partition leads to the stairhall. A pair of windows in the west wall and a single window in the south wall provide natural light. The fireplace opening centered on the north wall was blocked up at some time in the past.

Dimensions: 14' 8" wide by 20' 1 " long by 12' 1 " high. Floor: Circa 1928 1-1/2" oak parquet floor with strips parallel to the walls on all sides. Floor level is approximately 1" above level of floor in Room 101 to north and of Room 103 to east. The floor is one of the four hardwood floors installed in 1928. Written material prepared by Annette Van Winkle in 1929 includes the statement that this hardwood floor was "similar to one at Monticello."

Ceiling: Painted plaster on expanded metal lath installed in 1954.

Walls: Original painted plaster on brick masonry (south and west walls) and on wood lath (north and east partitions).

Baseboard: Original wood baseboard with a 5-3/4" high splashboard and a 2" high molded top along the east, south, and west walls (Type B2). Later baseboard (Type B-3) along the north wall.

Chair Rail: Original 3-1/4" wood rail (Type T-43). A long section was removed from the south wall when a bookcase was installed recently.

Cornice: Original painted wood cornice (Type C-1).

Doors: One at west end of north wall with architrave surround (Type T-13) and one at north end of east wall with architrave surround (Type T-13). Both doors are painted and grained. These are original openings.

No. 1021: Original 1-3/4" thick stile-and-rail door with six raised panels (Type D-2). Hardware: One pair of original 6-1/4" iron butts and one later mortise lock and strike with brass knobs and keyhole covers installed in 1954. The lock is stamped "Fontaine Paris" and "Made in France." The door was originally hung from the east jamb. When in that position there was initially a 4-1/2" by 5" box lock on what is now the hinged side of the door. This box lock was later replaced with a 5-1/8" high mortise lock.

No. 1022: Original 1-3/4" thick stile-and-rail door with six raised panels (Type D-2). Hardware: One pair of original 6-1/4" butts and one later mortise lock and strike with brass knobs and keyhole covers installed in 1954. Lock is stamped "Fontaine Paris." There is evidence of the original 4-1/2" by 5-3/4" box lock on the room side and of the knob rose and keyhole below on the hall side.

Windows: Three original windows, two in west wall and one near the east end of the south wall. All windows have architraves at the sides and top (Type T-I ) and splayed reveals. The architraves at the sides extend to blocks at the baseboard; there are recessed panels between the window sills and the baseboard. Each of the windows has original 6/6 double rope-hung sash, pane size 12" by 18", muntin size 5/8", a later sweep thumb latch on the meeting rail, and a recent key lock on the left end of the meeting rail with two keepers on the stile of the upper sash.


Fireplace: The 3' 5" high by 4' 0-1/4" plaster surface with a 2' 7-1/2" high by 2' 10" wide recessed plaster panel (the outline of the filled-in firebox) is flanked on sides and top by a 6-3/4" two-fascia wood architrave. A 5-1/4" pulvinated frieze above the architrave supports a 6-1/2" cornice. A probe into the plaster panel exposed evidence of the original firebox. The reproduction mantel was installed in 1954.

Heating: Two nineteen-section, six-column cast-iron hot water radiators (20th century). One is located at the south window of the west wall and one at the east window of the south wall.

Paint Investigation: Paint analysis revealed at least ten layers of accumulated paint on the plaster wall surfaces. The first paint layer was a yellowish gray ( 10 YR 8/1). Some samples showed that this color was applied over a wallpaper with traces of a deep rich blue pigment, which may have been the original wall finish. All of the wood trim, including the cornice, was originally finished in the yellowish white (2.5 Y 9/2). These surfaces have at least sixteen layers of paint. The vertical face of the baseboard was covered in the moderate reddish brown, and the doors were grained to imitate mahogany. The recent mantel has only three layers of a cream/white paint.

ROOM 103 STAIR HALL


The stair hall retains its original character and features including an elegant staircase and the doorways. The Jefferson and Randolph plans do not illustrate the stairway with a winder at the landing as it currently exists, but this is the original arrangement. The stairway provides access to the basement and the second floor. The doorway in the west partition opens into the professor's study. The doorway in the north partition opens into what was originally the rear vestibule with access to the exterior. Originally, the hall received natural light from windows located in the east wall.


An early modification involved the creation of a window opening in the south wall at the stair landing. This element was probably added between 1860 and 1875 when the rear addition was constructed and the original openings in the east wall were removed.

There is a reference to the opening of a window in 1834. Perhaps this indicates the creation of the upper landing window. More likely it indicates the opening of the window beneath the stairway in the south wall. This opening provides natural light for the basement stairway.

Dimensions: 7' 1 " wide by 14' 8" long by 12' 1" high.

Floor: Original random-width (4"-5"), tongue-and-groove boards running east-west, stained and varnished.

Ceiling: Original painted plaster on lath.

Walls: Original painted plaster on brick masonry (east and south walls) and on wood lath (north and west partitions).

Baseboard: Original wood baseboard with a 5" high splashboard and a 2" high molded top (Type B2).


Doors: Three original openings. One in north partition with architrave surround (Type T-13), one at north end of west partition with architrave surround (Type T-13), and one in south partition with architrave surround (Type T-18). All doors are painted and grained.

No. 1022: Original 1-3/4" thick stile-and-rail door with six raised panels (Type D-2). Hardware: One pair of original 6-1/4" iron butts and one later mortise lock and strike with brass knobs and keyhole covers installed in 1954. Lock is stamped "Fontaine Paris." There is evidence of an original 4-1/4" by 5-3/4" box lock mounted on the west side of the door.

No. 1031: Original 1-3/4" thick stile-and-rail door with six raised panels (Type D-2). Hardware: One pair of original 6-1/4" iron butts secured with original screws and one later mortise lock and strike with brass knobs and keyhole covers installed in 1954. Lock is stamped "Fontaine Paris." There is evidence of an original 5-1/8" high mortise lock.

No. 1032: Original 1-1/8" thick stile-and-rail door with six panels raised on north side only (Type D-3). Hardware: One pair of 3-1/2" iron butts and one late nineteenth-century cast-iron box lock and keeper mounted on rear of door with twentieth-century brass knobs both sides. There is a brass keyhole escutcheon and a brass rose on the north side. The lock is marked "RE Co. USA." There is also a brass mortise deadbolt thumb lock with a brass knob and escutcheon on the north side of the door. There is evidence of the original 5" by 8" box lock and 2-1/4" high oval keyhole escutcheon.

Windows: Located in the south wall of the stairway to the basement is an opening with one six-pane single rope-hung sash with architrave at sides and top and a straight reveal. The panes are 12" by 18". The profile of the 5/8" wide muntins (a small fillet at the center with a straight cant on either side) indicates that the sash is later. This window may have been created when the rear addition was constructed circa 1860-75 and the two windows in the east wall were removed. There are two brass handles on the bottom rail and a cylinder lock on the east stile just above the bottom rail with a keeper.

Staircase: Original 3' 1-3/4" wide open-string stair with a straight run of nine treads along the east wall to a landing, two winders to change direction, and six treads along the west wall to the second floor (nineteen risers total). The straight treads are 10" wide with a 1-l/4" nosing; the risers are 8" high. The string brackets are simple, flat elements whose outline is composed of S and C curves. There are two 3/4" by 1-1/8" rectangular balusters per tread. They are spaced approximately 5" on center and support a mahogany handrail 2-1/2" wide by 2-1/8" deep. The turned newel post tapers from a rectangular block at the base. The wood wall enclosing the space below the stairs contains raised panels in flat fields. The crude appearance of the handrail where it terminates above the newel may indicate that it has been repaired or partially replaced.

Lighting: One recent incandescent hanging ceiling fixture of brass with a glass globe.

Paint Investigation: The plaster walls retain approximately eleven layers of paint. The earliest layer is a pale orange yellow (10 YR 9/2) followed by a very bright yellow like that originally used in the entrance hall of Pavilion I. The wood trim was first covered in a yellowish white (2.5 Y 9/2). The stair balusters were covered in the same yellowish white, but the handrail was simply varnished wood. The treads and risers were finished in a moderate brown (5 YR 4/4). All of the doors were grained to imitate mahogany.

ROOM 104 REAR HALL


The present configuration of this hall dates from the 1954 renovation. The appearance of the hall prior to that time is not known. If the Jefferson and Randolph plans are true representations of the original condition, then this hall was much smaller than it is today. The broad opening in the east wall led to the exterior and a rear porch prior to the period when the addition was constructed.

Four doors open from this hall. The west door opens into a closet. The north and south doors open into the former lecture room (now the living room) and the stair hall. The east door provides access into the dining room.

Dimensions: 5' 1" wide by 10' 10" long by 12' 1" high.

Floor: Original 5-1/4" wide tongue-and-groove boards running east-west, stained and varnished.

Ceiling: Painted plaster on lath. The ceiling was possibly repaired as part of the 1954 remodeling.

Walls: Original painted plaster on split wood lath on the north and south partitions. The west partition is a 1954 insertion in a plaster on masonry opening between the two chimney masses.

Baseboard: Original wood baseboard with a 5" high splashboard and a 2" high molded top (Type B-2) at the east end of the room. The bases at the three partitions at the west half of the room (Type B-3) were added in 1954.

Doors: One door in each of the four walls. Each of the doors has a two-fascia architrave. The architraves on the north and south doors are Type T-8; the architrave on the east door is Type T-14; and the architrave on the west door is Type T-17. All doors are painted and grained.

No. 1031: Original 1-3/4" thick stile-and rail door with six raised panels (TypeD-2). Hardware: One pair of original 6-1/4" iron butts secured with original screws and one later mortise lock and strike with brass knobs and keyhole covers installed in 1954. Lock is stamped"Fontaine Paris."

No.1041: Reproduction 1-3/8" thick stile-and rail door with six raised and beveled panels (Type D-4)/ Hardware: One pair of 3-1/2" butts and a mortise lock and strike with brass knobs and keyhole escutcheons both sides. The lock is stamped "Russwin M85." The opening and the door were created as part of the 1954 remodeling or perhaps more recently.

No.1042: Two reproduction leaves each with three raised, slightly beveled panels(Type D-1). Hardware: One pair of 5-1/8" butts. Leaves have a 3-3/4" by 6-1/2" iron lock (mounted on west side of south leaf) and keeper (north leaf) with small brass knobs on both sides and keyhole escutcheon and keyhole cover on east side. The north leaf has a brass flush bolt at the bottom. The doors, trim, and hardware date from the 1954 remodeling.

No. 1052: Original 1-3/4" thick stile-and-rail door with six raised panels (Type D-2)/ Hardware: One pair of original 6-1/4" iron butts secured with original screws and one later mortise lock and strike with brass knobs and keyhole covers installed in 1954. Lock is stamped "Fontaine Paris." The door swing was originally from the west jamb. There is evidence of an original 5-1/8" high mortise lock and a patched area for the keyhole and knob.

Lighting: One recent incandescent hanging ceiling fixture of brass with a glass globe.

Equipment: The electrical panel (20th century) located east of door in north wall (Square D Catalogue Number 33982 - Series A2) has 60-ampere main fuses and eight fused circuits. Telephone equipment box (20th century) just above the baseboard at the south end of the west wall. Smoke alarm (1980s) centered above the door on the west wall.

Paint Investigation: The same paint sequence was found on the plaster walls as was uncovered in the front vestibule (Room 101). The earliest wall finish was a pale yellow (2.5 Y 8.5/4)/ The original trim was covered in the yellowish white (2.5 Y 9.2). The more recent portions of the trim (1954) have three layers of a cream/white paint.

ROOM 104A REAR HALL CLOSET

In the Jefferson and Randolph plans, this space is shown as a solid masonry mass sandwiched between the fireplaces of Rooms 102 and 105. It is possible that the original plan actually duplicated the still extant plan of the second floor with a narrow corridor connecting the front and rear vestibules through the chimney mass. Shallow fireplaces would fit within the brick masonry flanking this passage.

Dimensions: 2' ll" wide by 7' 3" long by 12' 1" high.

Floor: Possibly original 5-1/4" wide tongue-and-groove boards running east-west, stained and varnished.

Ceiling: Painted plaster on chicken wire (1954) applied to sawn wood lath.

Walls: The north and south walls are painted plaster on masonry. The east and west plaster partitions were added in 1954.

Baseboard: Reproduction wood baseboard with a 5-1/4" high splashboard and a 2" high molded top (Type B-3) installed in 1954.

Doors: One painted and grained door in the east wall with a simple wood fascia on sides and top.

No. 1041: Reproduction 1-3/8" thick stile-and-rail door with six raised and beveled panels (Type D-4). Hardware: One pair of 3-1/2" butts and a mortise lock and strike with brass knobs and keyhole escutcheons both sides. The lock is stamped "Russwin M85." The opening and the door were created as part of the 1954 remodeling or perhaps more recently.

Lighting: One recent incandescent wall-mounted fixture with a chrome-plated base and frosted glass globe about six feet above the floor on the south wall just inside of the door.

Other Features: The projection of the masonry chimney mass behind the fireplace in Room 105 into this room is 4' 0" wide, 4' 6" high and 10-1/2" deep and dates from the 1954 remodeling. There are also a clothes rod with wood supports, a wood shelf (2' 0" wide), and a masonite peg board on the north wall.

Paint Investigation: The north and south plaster walls retain the same early layers encountered in the two halls (Rooms 101 and 104). Both the west partition and the projecting fireplace mass are covered in the two most recent layers of paint.

ROOM 105 LIVING ROOM

(ORIGINAL LECTURE ROOM)
This room, the largest in the pavilion, was formerly the lecture room. It is not known when this room was incorporated into the professor's living quarters. In 1929, the room was used for teaching Italian. The room's present appearance is the result of the 1954 renovation following the plans of Frederick D. Nichols.

Most of the architectural finishes are original, but some of the surfaces have been repaired. The original flooring survives in this room. Evidence on the flooring indicates that there was formerly a partition extending across the wast end of the room approximately 5' 6" from the west wall. This partition was probably constructed during the nineteenth century. The reproduction wood mantelpiece was installed during the 1954 renovation.


The two doorways in the south partition provide access to the from and rear halls. Natural light is provided by two original windows in both the west and north walls. The two windows formerly in the east wall were removed when the rear addition was constructed circa 1860-75.

Dimensions: 14' 6" wide by 27' 9" by 12' 1" high.

Floor: Original random-width, tongue-and groove boards (3 3/4" - 6") running east-west, stained and varnished. There is evidence on the flooring for the location of an added partition extending across the west end of the room 5' 6" from the west wall.

Ceiling: Original painted plaster on lath, possibly repaired in 1954.

Walls: The north, east, and west walls have original painted plaster on masonry. The south partition has original painted plaster on split lath.

Baseboard: Original 8-3/4" high wood baseboard with later 1" quarterround at the bottom, a 5-1/2" high splashblock, and a 2-3/4" molded top (Type B-2) runs along the north and west walls. The baseboard on the east wall (Type B-4) was repaired or replaced when the rear addition was constructed. The reproduction base flanking the mantel (Type B-3) was installed in 1954.

Chair Rail: Original 3-1/4" painted wood rail (Type T-43). The rail on the east wall was modified when the two windows were removed. Paint evidence indicates that this feature was added to the room later in the nineteenth century but prior to the construction of the rear addition.


Cornice: Original 11-l/2" high painted wood cornice (Type C-l), projecting 11".

Doors: Two original doors, one near each end of the south wall, with architrave surrounds (Type T-13). Both doors are painted and grained.

No. 1051: Original 1-3/4" thick stile-and-rail door with six raised panels (Type D-2). Hardware: One original pair of 6-1/4" iron butts and one later mortise lock and strike with brass knobs and keyhole escutcheons installed in 1954. Lock is stamped "Fontaine Paris."

No. 1052: Original 1-3/4" thick stile-and-rail door with six raised panels (Type D-2). Hardware: One original pair of 6-1/4" iron butts and one later mortise lock and strike with brass knobs and keyhole covers installed in 1954. Lock is stamped "Fontaine Paris.7rdquo;

Windows: Two original windows in the west wall and two near the east end of the north wall. All four windows have architraves at the sides and top (Type T-1) and splayed reveals. The architraves at the sides extend to blocks at the baseboard; there are recessed panels between the window sills and the baseboard. Each of the windows has original 6/6 double rope-hung sash, pane size 12" by 18", muntin size 3/4", a later sweep thumb latch on the meeting rail, and a recent key lock on the left end of the meeting rail with two keepers on the stile of the upper sash. Two windows were removed from the east wall and their openings filled in when the rear addition was constructed circa 1860-75.

Fireplace: The 2' 6-1/4" high by 2' 10" wide painted brick-lined fireplace opening is flanked on sides and top by a painted plaster fascia. The wood mantelpiece includes a 6-3/4" wide two-fascia wood architrave at sides and top, a 7-1/4" high frieze, and a 6-1/4" high cornice. The painted hearth, of brick set in running bond, is 5' 4" wide and projects 1' 9". The reproduction mantel was installed in 1954.

Heating: Two cast-iron hot water radiators (20th century). A twenty-three-section, five-column radiator is located under the south window of the west wall, and a twenty-section, six-column radiator is located under the east window of the north wall. There are four heating pipes running up through the space to radiators on the floor above, two in the northeast corner and two in the northwest corner.

Paint Investigation: The analysis revealed some nineteen layers of paint on the plaster walls. The earliest color was a yellowish gray (10 YR 8/2). The wood trim including the cornice, the crown molding of the baseboard, and the window sash was initially covered in a pale orange yellow ( 10 YR 9/2). The vertical face of the base was finished in the reddish brown (10 R 3/4) and the doors were grained to imitate mahogany.

ROOM 106 PANTRY


Rooms 106, 107, 108, and 109 are located in the rear addition, which received its present internal form in 1954 as part of the Nichols renovation. Previously, the first floor consisted of a single large room; a similar room was located above on the second floor. These large rooms were created circa 1928 when the building was remodeled for use by the Department of Romance Languages. The large room on the first floor was used for teaching Spanish.

The nineteenth-century arrangement and appearance of the rooms in the rear addition is not known but the configuration of the floor framing indicates that the large chimney mass did exist in the center of the addition. The attic still retains the framed opening where the chimney passed through the roof.

The pantry has three door openings. The doorway in the north partition opens into the dining room, and the doorway in the south partition opens into a small lavatory. The opening in the east partition gives access to the kitchen. Built-in cupboards are located against the east and west partitions.

Dimensions: 7' 2" wide by 10' 0" long by 11' 10" high.

Floor: 12" by 12" resilient tile alternating red and white (mid-20th century). This floor is raised above the floor of the adjacent Room 109.

Ceiling: Painted plaster on expanded metal lath (1954), which replaced the earlier plaster on wood lath.

Walls: The west wall is painted plaster on brick. The north, south, and east partitions, constructed in 1954, are painted plaster on lath. There was originally a window opening in the west brick wall. This opening was closed circa 1860-75.

Baseboard: Wood baseboard with 3/4" quarter round at the bottom, a 5-1/2" high splashblock, and a 2" molded top (Type B-4), installed in 1954.

Doors: Two doors with architrave surrounds (Type T-14), one in the north wall and one in the south wall. There is also a doorway with a similar architrave surround in the east wall. All of these doors and openings were created as part of the 1954 renovation.

No. 1091: 1-3/4" thick stile-and-rail door with six raised, slightly beveled panels (Type D-6). Hardware: One pair of 4-1/2" butts and one brass mortise lock and strike with brass knobs and keyhole escutcheons installed in 1954. Lock is stamped "Russwin M97."

No. 1061: 1-3/4" thick stile-and-rail door with six raised, slightly beveled panels (Type D-5). Hardware: One pair of 3-1/2" butts and one mortise lock with chrome-plated face and strike with brass knob and keyhole escutcheon on north side and chrome-plated knob and thumb latch on south side installed in 1954. Lock is stamped "Russwin."

Heating: Two insulated hot water pipes (20th century) come through the floor in the southeast corner and turn into the south wall.

Lighting: One recent incandescent ceiling fixture with a glass globe. The side of the globe is ribbed and frosted, and the bottom of the globe is ribbed and clear.

Equipment: Frigidare Model 170 refrigerator on the west wall.

Other Features: Wood wall cabinets on the east and west walls and a wood base cabinet on the east wall.

Paint Investigation: No nineteenth-century finished surfaces survive in this small room.

ROOM 107 LAVATORY


This room was created as part of the 1954 renovation. Formerly, this room and the surrounding spaces were a single large space created circa 1928. The configuration prior to that date is not known.

Dimensions: 4' 0" wide by 7' 2" long by 11' 10" high.

Floor: 12" by 12" resilient tile alternating red and white (mid-20th century).

Ceiling: Painted plaster on expanded metal lath( 1954).

Walls: The south and west walls have painted plaster on brick masonry. The west wall was formerly the rear exterior wall of the Jefferson pavilion. A window opening was located here. The south brick cavity wall was constructed circa 1860 to 1875. The north and east partitions, constructed in 1954, have painted plaster on lath.

Baseboard: 8" high wood baseboard with a 6" splashboard and 2" molded top; there is a 3/4" quarter round at the bottom (Type B-4). The baseboards on the west and south walls were installed circa 1928 when the large room was created. The baseboard on the north and east partitions is a copy installed in 1954.

Doors: One door with architrave surround (Type T-17) in the north wall. The door is painted both sides. The door and opening were created in 1954.

No. 1061: 1-3/4" thick stile-and-rail door with six raised, slightly beveled panels (Type D-5). Hardware: One pair of 3-l/2" butts and one mortise lock with chrome-plated face and strike with brass knob and keyhole escutcheon on north side and chrome-plated knob and thumb latch on south side. Lock is stamped "Russwin." The hardware was installed in 1954.

Windows: One window in the south wall with architrave surround (Type T-4) and splayed reveal. Window has 6/6 double rope-hung sash, panes 12" by 18", muntin 5/8". There is a sweep thumb latch on the meeting rail and a cylinder lock on the east end of the meeting rail with two keepers on the east stile of the upper sash.

Heating: One eleven-section, three-column cast-iron hot water radiator (20th century) on the south wall. Two hot water pipes running up the south wall 1' 11 " from the west wall.

Lighting: One fixture on either side of the medicine cabinet (20th century).

Plumbing: White porcelain water closet (20th century). White pedestal sink (20" wide) with oblong bowl and backsplash, chrome faucets (20th century).

Other Features: Semi-recessed medicine cabinet; 8" towel bar; toilet paper holder (recent).

Paint Investigation: No nineteenth-century finished surfaces survive in this room. An early surviving color on the plaster walls is a pale green (10 GY 7/2). A yellowish white (10 YR 9/2), which may have been the color on the walls of the large room from which Rooms 106, 107, 108, and 109 were formed, was also found.

ROOM 108 KITCHEN


The kitchen, like the adjoining spaces, was created as part of the 1954 renovations. Surviving early finishes include the east window (sash and architrave), which is an element from the original Jefferson-period pavilion probably removed from its former position in the east wall of that portion of the building circa 1860-75. The south window was created circa 1860 to 1875 as a near duplicate of the earlier window. Other pre-1954 woodwork includes the baseboards on the south and east walls. This trim survives from the larger room created circa 1928.

The kitchen has a single door in the north partition, which opens into the dining room, and an opening into the pantry in the west partition. Two windows in the south and east walls provide natural light. A built-in counter abuts the east and south walls and the west partition.

Dimensions: 9' 8" wide by 14' 5" long by 11' 10" high.

Floor: 12" by 12" resilient tile alternating red and white (mid-20th century).

Ceiling: Painted plaster on expanded metal lath (1954)

Walls: The south and east walls are painted plaster on brick cavity walls. The north and west partitions, constructed in 1954, are painted plaster on lath.

Baseboard: 8" high wood baseboard with a 6" high splashboard and a 2" molded top. There is a 3/4" quarter round at the bottom (Type B-4). The baseboards on the masonry walls were installed circa 1928. The other baseboards date from the 1954 renovation.

Doors: One painted and grained door with architrave surround (Type T-17) in the north wall. There is also a doorway with an architrave surround (Type T-17) in the west wall. Both of these features were created in 1954.

No. 1092: 1-3/4" thick stile-and-rail door with six raised, slightly beveled panels (Type D-6). Hardware: One pair of 4-1/2" butts and one mortise lock and strike with brass knobs and keyhole escutcheons. Lock is stamped "Russwin M83." The hardware was installed in 1954.

Windows: One window in the east wall with architrave surround (Type T-1) and one window in the south wall with architrave surround (Type T-5); both have splayed reveals. Windows have 6/6 double ropehung sash, panes 12" by 18", muntin 5/8". Each has a sweep thumb latch on the meeting rail and a cylinder lock at the left end of the meeting rail with two keepers on the left stile of the upper sash. The east window may have been originally located in the east (rear) wall of the original portion of the pavilion. It was moved to this position when the rear addition was constructed circa 1860 to 1875. The same condition may have existed in this location as is shown in the Holsinger photograph for the east window in the dining room (Room 109). If this was formerly a three-part window, it is very possible that original Jefferson period material was used in that configuration and then reused in the present arrangement. The south window was created at that time (c. 1860-75) as a near copy of the original feature.

Heating: Two hot water pipes (20th century) run up the southeast corner and along the east wall just below the ceiling.

Lighting: Two recent incandescent fixtures (12" square by 3" high), each with a frosted glass globe, located in the center of the ceiling east-west and approximately 4' from the north and south ends.

Plumbing: Two-basin stainless steel sink (42" wide) with single-lever faucet and spray (recent).

Equipment: Four-burner, two-oven electric range (42" wide) with range hood; dishwasher (recent).

Other Features: Wood base cabinets with plastic laminate countertops on south part of east wall, on south wall, and on west wall. Open shelf wood wall units on east and west walls.

Paint Investigation: The plaster walls were initially covered in a yellowish white paint (10 YR 9/2). The east window architrave has fourteen layers of paint. The first layer is a yellowish white (10 YR 9/2), which was in place when this window was still in its original position in the original back wall of the pavilion.

ROOM 109 DINING ROOM


Some sense of the pre-1954 interior appearance of the rear addition is provided by the dining room. This large room is approximately two-thirds the size of the large room created circa 1928 and used for teaching Spanish. The finishes incorporate woodwork removed from the original Jefferson-period pavilion and elements created circa 1860 to 1875, circa 1928, and 1954. The original rear doorway of the Jefferson pavilion, including the original box lock and glazed transom, is now installed in the east door opening of this room. It is not known when it was removed to this position. What appears to be the door and transom are visible in a 1914 photograph from the Holsinger Studio. The two doors in the south partition give access to the pantry and the kitchen. The pair of doors in the east wall open to the exterior porch and stairs. The pair of doors in the west wall open into the rear hall of the original pavilion. Natural light is provided by two windows in the north wall and a single opening in the east wall.

Prior to the circa 1928 renovation, a large chimney mass would have passed through this room in front of the south partition.


Dimensions: 17' 6" wide by 20' 8" long by 11' 10" high.

Floor: 2-1/2" wide tongue-and-groove boards running east-west, stained and varnished. The floor was probably installed circa 1928.

Ceiling: Painted plaster on expanded metal lath installed circa 1928 or 1954 over sawn wood lath (c. 1860-75).

Walls: The original rear brick wall (west) is painted plaster on masonry. The north and east walls are painted plaster on brick cavity walls. The south plaster-and-lath partition was constructed in 1954.

Baseboard: 8" high wood baseboard with 3/4" quarter round at the bottom. Baseboard includes a 6" high splashblock and a 2" molded top (Type B-4). The base on the north, east, and west walls was part of the trim of the large room (c. 1928). The base on the south wall was installed in 1954.

Chair Rail: 3-1/4" painted wood rail (T-44). It was probably installed as part of the 1954 renovation.

Doors: Four doors, one at the south end of the east wall with architrave surround (Type T-16), one at the south end of the west wall with architrave surround (Type T-14), and two in the south wall with architrave surrounds (Type T-15). All doors are painted and grained. The architrave, transom, and pair of doors in the east wall are original elements from the Jefferson-period pavilion, which were possibly removed to this position circa 1860 to 1875, 1928, or 1954.

1091: 1-3/4" thick stile-and-rail door with six raised, slightly beveled panels (Type D-6). Hardware: One pair of 4-1/2" butts and one mortise lock and strike with brass knobs and keyhole escutcheons. Lock is stamped "Russwin M97." The architrave, door, and hardware were installed in 1954.

No. 1092: 1-3/4" thick stile-and-rail door with six raised, slightly beveled panels (Type D-6). Hardware: One pair of 4-1/2" butts and one mortise lock and strike with brass knobs and keyhole escutcheons. Lock is stamped "Russwin M83." The architrave, door, and hardware were installed in 1954.

No. 1093: Two original leaves each with three raised panels (Type D-l). The architrave and doors were originally located in opening No. 1042. Hardware: South leaf has a pair of 5-1/8" butts; north leaf has one 5-l/8" butt and one 4-1/8" butt. The south leaf also has a 4-3/4" high by 8-1/8" wide iron box lock with brass knobs on both sides. This appears to be the original lock for these doors. There are also a Corbin surface-mounted lock and a steel sliding bolt and padlock. In addition to the keepers for the iron box lock and the Corbin lock, the north leaf has surface-mounted sliding bolts top and bottom. The top bolt appears to be original and matches the one still on the front door; the bottom bolt is a recent replacement.

No. 1042: Two leaves each with three raised, slightly beveled panels (Type D-l). Hardware: One pair of 5-1/8" butts. Leaves have a 3-3/4" by 6-1/2" iron box lock (mounted on west side of south leaf) and keeper (north leaf) with brass knobs on both sides and keyhole escutcheon and keyhole cover on east side. The north leaf has a brass flush bolt at the bottom. This pair of doors and the hardware were installed circa 1928 or 1954.

Windows: The two reproduction windows in the north wall and the original pavilion window in the east wall have architraves at the sides and top and splayed reveals. The architraves at the windows on the north wall (Type T-5) stop at the chair rail. The architrave at the window on the east wall (Type T-1, which has a 2" projection while those on the north wall have a 1" projection) extends to blocks at the baseboard and there is a recessed panel between the window sills and the baseboard. Each of the windows has 6/6 double rope-hung sash, pane size 12" by 18", muntin size 5/8", a later sweep thumb latch on the meeting rail, and a recent key lock on the left end of the meeting rail with two keepers on the stile of the upper sash. The east window may have been removed from the rear wall of the original Jefferson pavilion when the addition was constructed circa 1860-75. Although the profiles and paint layering both indicate that this is an original pavilion window which was moved to this location, there is still some question about the chronology of this change. The Holsinger photograph shows what appears to be a very wide opening in this position. This opening is marked by closed blinds or shutters. If this were a three-part window, a type popular in the 1830-60 period, then it may be the original condition for the circa 1860-75 addition. Possibly the Jefferson-period trim and sash were incorporated into the three-part window and were then reused again in the present window, which may date from the 1928 renovation. The windows on the north appear similar to the original window.

Heating: Two ten-section, three-column, cast-iron hot water radiators (20th century), one at the north end of the west wall and one at the north end of the east wall. Two heating pipes rise from the floor to the ceiling in the northeast corner, and two pipes coming through the top of the east end of the south wall turn into the ceiling.

Lighting: Twelve-stem, two-tier brass chandelier, probably installed in 1954 or later.

Paint Investigation: No nineteenth-century wall colors survive in this room. The earliest paint color, a yellowish white (2.5 Y 8.5/2) may date from the circa 1928 creation of the large room that included what are now Rooms 106, 107, 108, and 109. The trim at that time may have been painted a warm medium gray. The original window and door trim was covered in a yellowish white (10 YR 9/2) when it was in the original position in the Jefferson-era pavilion. When the large room was created circa 1928, the vertical faces of the baseboards were covered in a black/brown color.

SECOND FLOOR


The only known original second floor representation is Jefferson's drawing that includes plans of the basement, first, and second floors as well as an elevation of the west facade. With the exception of modifications made circa 1860 to 1875 and circa 1928, the current configuration of the second floor is similar to the layout in this plan.

The Jefferson plan illustrates five window openings in the rear (east) wall. This arrangement is confirmed by several pre-1868 illustrations including the 1850 Duval lithograph. A photograph that may date from 1868 illustrates three windows across the rear elevation. This is actually the rear addition, which may have been constructed a few years before or after that date. Jefferson's plan also renders an interior stairway of eight risers descending to a landing. The actual original configuration included a winder on the lowest of these eight risers. This is the configuration that exists today.

A doorway at the head of the stairway in the west partition opened into the professor's parlor. This opening was removed when that room received its unusual frescoed treatment in 1929.


Reference to the removal of a closet and closing up of a doorway in 1875 may refer to a doorway formerly located in the partition between bedrooms 202 and 203. A doorway in this location is not shown on Jefferson's floor plan.

The compact layout includes a narrow hall that bisects the plan into equal north and south sections. Two equally sized bed chambers are located on the north side of the hall. One bed chamber (Room 202) was used by the most recent occupant as a private study. Arranged on the south side of the hall are the large former parlor, most recently used as a bed chamber, and the stairhall in the southeast corner. The central passage passes through the masonry chimney mass, which rises on both sides and joins in a brick arch above the hall.

ROOM 201 STAIR HALL


The appearance of the stair hall was dramatically modified when the two original windows were removed from the east wall circa 1860 to 1875. At that time the current opening was created in the south wall. The stairway survives in its original form. Twentieth-century modifications include the removal of the doorway into the former parlor (Room 205) and its replacement with a small rectangular niche containing a frescoed plaster wall surface. The chair rail was also added at this time (circa 1929) or in 1954.

The opening into the rear addition was first created circa 1860 to 1875 when it replaced a window in that position. The doorway in the north partition opens into a bedroom (most recently Professor Cross's study). The broad opening in the east wall gives access to the rear addition. A single window in the south wall provides natural light.


Dimensions: The main portion of the hall is 9' 2" wide by 20' 6" long, and the area to the west is 3' 10" wide by 5' 2" long. The space is 12' 0-l/2" high.

Floor: Random-width tongue-and-groove boards (3-7/8" to 6" wide) running east-west, stained and varnished. Although the flooring appears to be original, the way in which the boards extend fully into the opening into the later rear addition indicates that they were installed when that part of the pavilion was constructed (c. 1860-75).

Ceiling: Original painted plaster on lath. A 2' 0" by 2' 6" ceiling panel 0located just south of the cornice and just to the west of the west jamb of the door to Room 202 provides access to the attic.

Walls: Original painted plaster on masonry (south and east walls) and original painted plaster on lath (north and west partitions). There is a 5/8" corner bead at corner of chimney masonry on west wall and at exterior corner of west and south walls. Two original window openings in the east wall were removed when the rear addition was constructed circa 1860 to 1875. The third window opening in that wall was converted into a doorway.

There is a fresco on the west wall, painted at the same as the frescoes in Room 205, by the artists La Montagne St. Hubert. Jefferson's floor plan illustrated a door in this location leading into the former parlor (Room 205). The fresco is a vertical rectangle with a brown background, light in the center and darker at the edges. A wreath of branches with green leaves outlines an almond-shaped area filling most of the frame. At the top and bottom and at the center of each side, there are V-shaped bands of red and blue, representing ribbons or streamers. In the center, a tall vertical pike supports a red Phrygian hat or bonnet rouge, symbolic of the sans-culottes of the French revolution. In front of the pike are crossed fasces. The inscription "Republique Francaise" is arranged around the interior of the top portion of the wreath. A ribbon across the center bears the words "Liberte" and "Egalite."

Baseboard: Original wood baseboard including splashboard with molded top (Type B-2) on west wall and portion of north wall; there is a recent quarterround at bottom. The baseboard along the east wall (Type B-3) was modified when the windows were removed circa 1860 to 1875. The baseboard on the easternmost portions of the north and south walls (Type B-4) was installed in 1954.

Chair Rail: Wood molding (Type T-44), installed circa 1928 or 1954.

Cornice: Original 2' 4" high wood entablature with two-fascia architrave, frieze, and cornice (Type C-3).

Doors: One original door and opening with architrave surround (Type T-13).

No. 2021: Original 1-3/4" thick stile-and-rail door with six raised and beveled panels (Type D-7). Hardware: Original pair of 6-1/4" iron butts and later brass mortise lock and keeper with brass knobs and keyhole escutcheons with swinging covers installed in 1954. Lock is stamped "Fontaine Paris." There is evidence of the original 3-3/4" by 6" box lock on the inside face. The door was originally hinged to the west jamb.

Windows: One window on the south wall with architrave Type T-6 at the west side and architrave Type T-7 at the east side and top and a reveal perpendicular to the wall surface. Fixed sash has 6 panes, each 12" by 18". Muntin has later profile. This window opening was created when the rear addition was constructed and the original openings in the east wall were removed.

Lighting: Brass and glass incandescent lantern (late 20th century).

Other Features: The original plastered-brick chimney mass is located between this hall and the front hall (Room 204). An arched opening through the chimney connects the two spaces.

Paint Investigation: The plaster walls were first painted in a pale orange yellow (10 YR 9/2), the same color used in the first floor stair hall. Traces of a very bright yellow and a pale yellow (2.5 Y 9/4) were also found. The woodwork was painted the same color as the walls, the pale orange yellow (10 YR 9/2). The vertical faces of the baseboards were covered in the moderate reddish brown (10 R 3/4).

ROOM 202 BEDROOM


This bedroom or chamber in the northeast corner of the second floor survives with much of its original woodwork. The most significant change occurred circa 1860 to 1875 when the two windows were removed from the east wall. The sash and architraves were then reused in the new rear addition.

There was formerly a doorway, which gave access to the neighboring chamber, in the west partition. This opening is not illustrated in Jefferson's plan, but a similar original arrangement exists between two bed chambers in Pavilion I. The opening may have been removed in 1875. Although the angled masonry chimney breast is original, the simple mantel was installed in this century. In 1929, this room was known as the Sala de Dante or the Italian Room.

Dimensions: 13' 10" wide by 14' 8" long by 12' on high.

Floor: 1-1/2" oak strip flooring running parallel to walls at sides of room and in checkerboard pattern (alternately east-west and north-south) in center, stained and varnished. This is one of the hardwood floors installed in 1928, and, according to Annette Van Winkle, was based on a pattern found at Monticello.

Ceiling: Original plaster on lath, painted.

Walls: Original painted plaster on brick (north and east walls) and on wood lath (south and west partitions). There was formerly a doorway opening into Room 203 in the west partition located 1' 2-1/2" from the south corner.

Baseboard: Original 7" high wood baseboard including 5" splashboard with 2" molded top (Type B-2). The baseboard along the east wall (Type B-3) was replaced when the two windows were removed circa 1860-75.

Cornice: Original 2' 4" high wood entablature with two-fascia architrave, frieze, and cornice has been modified by the addition of a later picture molding on the bottom fascia of the architrave (Type C-3).

Doors: One painted door with architrave surround (Type T-13). No. 2021: Original 1-3/4" thick stile-and-rail door with six raised and beveled panels (Type D-7). Hardware: Original pair of 6-1/4" iron butts and a later brass mortise lock and keeper with brass knobs and keyhole escutcheons with swinging covers installed in 1954. Lock is stamped "Fontaine Paris." On the room face there is evidence of the original 3-3/4" by 6-1/2" box lock. The door was originally hinged to the west jamb.

Windows: Two original windows in the north wall with architrave surrounds (Type T-8) and splayed reveals. Each window has 6/6, double rope-hung sash, pane size 12" by 18", muntin bar 5/8" wide. Both windows have recent sweep thumb latches on the meeting rails and cylinder locks on the west ends of the meeting rails with keepers on the west rails of the upper sash. The simplified muntin profile of the lower sash in the east window indicates that this is a replacement sash. In addition, there were formerly two windows in the east wall.


Fireplace: The 2' 2" wide by 2' 9-3/4" high fireplace opening in the southwest corner is filled with plaster. It is bordered on sides and top by a 5-1/2" wide plaster band, which is bordered in turn by a 2-3/4" wide wood molding. A fascia above with a compound molding at top supports a 6-1/4" wide mantel shelf. Paint analysis and physical evidence indicate that this wood mantel is a restoration, which was probably installed in 1954. A wood nailer for the architrave molding extends through the masonry into the firebox. The wood would ignite if a fire were set in the firebox.

Heating: Eighteen-section, two-column, cast-iron hot water radiator at north end of east wall, painted.

Other Features: There is a 2' 1" deep by 3' 6" wide by 6' 6" high built-in wardrobe with two sliding flush doors to the west of the door on the south wall. The wardrobe has a simple baseboard and is capped by a cymatium. This element was probably constructed as part of the 1954 remodeling.

Paint Investigation: No early paint layers can be found on the plaster walls. Perhaps the walls were covered with wallpaper for many years. The earliest extant layers are several yellowish whites followed by a late nineteenth-century moderate reddish brown (2.5 YR 4/4). The woodwork was first painted in a yellowish white (2.5 Y 9/2) and the vertical face of the baseboard was the moderate reddish brown ( 10 R 3/4).

ROOM 203 BEDROOM


This bedroom or chamber is located in the northwest corner of the second floor. It is identical in finish to bedroom 202 except for a more elaborate floor design. All of the original Jefferson-period finishes survive in this room except for the flooring, which was covered over in 1928, and a later wood mantel, which may have been installed in 1954. A doorway was formerly located in the east partition at 1' 2-1/2" from the angled chimney face. The doorway in the south partition opens to the hall. Two windows in the west wall and one in the north wall provide natural light. An original angled masonry chimney breast is located in the southeast corner. In 1929, this room was known as the Sala de Cervantes or the Spanish Room.

Dimensions: 13' 8" wide by 14' 8" long by 12' 0" high.

Floor: Parquet flooring with boards running parallel to walls at sides of room and a square in the center containing an inscribed circle with an eight-pointed star (a mariner's compass), stained and varnished. This is one of the hardwood floors installed in 1928. According to Annette Van Winkle, the pattern was based on one at Monticello.

Ceiling: Original plaster on lath, painted.

Walls: Original painted plaster on brick (north and west walls) and on lath (south and east partitions). There was formerly a doorway in the east partition.

Baseboard: Original 7-1/4" high wood baseboard including 5" splashboard with 2-1/4" molded top (Type B-2). There is a 3' 7-1/2" wide patch in the east baseboard at the location of the former doorway.

Cornice: Original 2' 4" high wood entablature with two-fascia architrave, frieze, and cornice (Type C-3).

Doors: One painted door with architrave surround (Type T-13)

No. 2031: Original 1-3/4" thick stile-and-rail door with six raised and beveled panels (Type D-7). Hardware: Original pair of 6-1/4" iron butts and later brass mortise lock and keeper with brass knobs and keyhole escutcheons with swinging covers installed in 1954. Lock is stamped "Fontaine Paris." Originally there may have been a large mortise lock in the same position. The door was originally hinged to the east jamb.


Windows: Two windows in the west wall and one window in the north wall with architrave surrounds (Type T-8) and splayed reveals. Each window has 6/6, double rope-hung sash, pane size 12" by 18", muntin bar 5/8" wide. Windows have recent sweep thumb latches on the meeting rails and cylinder lodes on the left ends of the meeting rails with keepers on the left stiles of the upper sash. The architraves and sash are original.

Fireplace: The 2' 2" wide by 2' 10" high fireplace opening in the southwest corner is filled with plaster. It is bordered on sides and top by a 5-1/2" wide plaster band, which is bordered in turn by a 2-3/4" wide wood molding. A fascia above with a compound molding at top supports a 6-1/4" wide mantel shelf. This wood mantel is a restoration probably installed in 1954.

Heating: Sixteen-section, three-column, cast-iron hot water radiator at west end of north wall, painted.

Other Features: There is a 2' 1" deep by 3' 6" wide by 6' 6" high built-in wardrobe with two sliding flush doors to the east of the door on the south wall. The wardrobe has a simple baseboard and is capped by a cymatium. The wardrobe was probably constructed as part of the 1954 remodeling.

Paint Investigation: Investigation of the original plaster wall revealed that this room was initially wallpapered. Only a paste residue remains. The earliest surviving paint on the plaster is a pale orange yellow (10 YR 9/4), which is under nine later layers. The trim was first painted in a yellowish white (2.5 Y 9/2) followed by a white and a grayish purple pink (2.5 RP 7/2), probably a mid-nineteenth-century color. There are more than twenty layers of paint on the vertical face of the baseboard. The first finish layer is a moderate reddish brown ( 10 R 3/4). The door was grained to imitate mahogany.

ROOM 204 HALL


This narrow hall retains all of its original character. The most interesting feature of this space is the plastered-brick arch, which spans the hall as it passes through the chimney mass. Original surviving hardware includes the two iron slide bolts attached to the north leaf of the Jefferson-period doors opening to the porch.

Dimensions: The western portion of the hall is 5' 2" wide by 8' 9-1/2" long by 12' 0-1/2" high. The portion passing between the chimneys is 3' 1" wide by 8' 3" long.

Floor: Original random-width tongue-and-groove boards (3-7/8" to 6" wide) running east-west, stained and varnished.

Ceiling: Original painted plaster on lath.

Walls: Original painted plaster on brick (east and west walls) and on wood lath (north and south partitions). There is a 5/8" corner bead at corner of chimney masonry on east wall.

Baseboard: Original 8" high wood baseboard including 6" splashboard with 2" molded top (Type B-2). There is a recent 1" quarterround at bottom.

Cornice: Original 2' 4" high wood entablature with two-fascia architrave, frieze, and cornice (Type C-3).

Doors: One two-leaf door to exterior on west with architrave surround (Type T-13); doors to north and south with architrave surrounds (Type T-13). Doors to the north and south are painted white; door to the west is painted on both sides.

No. 2031: Original 1-3/4" thick stile-and-rail door with six raised and beveled panels (Type D-7). Hardware: Original pair of 6-1/4" iron butts and later brass mortise lock and keeper with brass knobs and keyhole escutcheons with swinging covers installed in 1954. Lock is stamped "Fontaine Paris." Originally there may have been a larger mortise lock in the same position. The door was originally hinged to the east jamb.

No. 2041: Two original 1-3/4" thick leaves, each with three raised panels (Type D-8). There is a triangular wood member that serves to keep water out at the bottom of the exterior of each leaf. Hardware: Each leaf has an original pair of 5-1/8" iron butts, some of which are fastened with original screws. Leaves have surface-mounted 3-3/4" high by 6-3/8" wide iron box lock and keeper, possibly installed in 1954. There is a round brass knob on the interior and brass knob, keyhole escutcheon and swinging cover on the exterior. Below the box lock there is a recent "AFCO" surface-mounted steel sliding bolt and keeper. Each leaf has a bracket of 1/8" thick steel to hold a locking bar. The south leaf has an original surface-mounted iron sliding bolt at top and bottom secured with original screws. The original graining is preserved on the wood door under this hardware. There is no evidence of the original lock visible on this door.

No. 2051: Original, painted 1-3/4" thick stile-and-rail door with six raised panels (Type D-7) and architrave surround (Type T-13). Hardware: Original pair of 6-1/4" iron butts and brass-faced iron mortise lock and keeper with brass knobs and keyhole escutcheons both sides and a damaged swinging keyhole cover on the south side. The door also has a Corbin surface-mounted lock on the south side with a cylinder on the exterior. The mortise lock may be the original one, but the knobs were probably installed when the adjacent room was decorated in 1929.

Lighting: Incandescent fixture in the center of the ceiling with a 6" diameter brass base and a glass globe.

Paint Investigation: The plaster walls were first painted in a pale orange yellow (10 YR 9/2). Traces of a very bright yellow and a pale yellow (2.5 Y 9/4) were also found. The woodwork was painted the same color as the walls (10 YR 9/2), and the vertical face of the baseboard was finished in the moderate reddish brown (10 R 3/4). The doors were grained to imitate mahogany.

ROOM 205 BEDROOM

This large, elegant room was formerly the professor's parlor. The elaborate entablature encircling the room makes this the finest space in the pavilion.

The present frescoed decoration was installed in 1929. To accept this decor, the room was renovated. The flooring was installed in 1928. In addition, the fireplace was closed, and the mantel was removed. Jefferson's plan indicates a projecting chimney breast centered on the north wall, but no physical evidence was found to confirm whether this was in fact the original condition. The heating system was removed from the room. The doorway formerly located in the east partition and opening into the stair hall was removed in 1928-29 and reinstalled in the north partition, where it now opens to reveal a frescoed portrait of the donor, Ormond G. Smith. On November 20, 1929, the room was dedicated as the Salle Lafayette and was intended to be used exclusively for oral doctoral examinations.

A doorway near the west end of the north partition opens into the central hallway. Four original windows, two in the west wall and two in the south wall, provide natural light.

Dimensions: 14' 10" wide by 20' 3" long by 12' 0-1/2" high.

Floor: 1-l/2" wide oak parquet flooring with boards running parallel to walls at sides of room and a rectangle in the center containing a herringbone pattern, stained and varnished. This floor was laid in 1928.

Ceiling: Frescoed plaster on expanded metal lath attached to boards (1928).

Walls: Frescoed plaster on expanded metal lath (1928) above wood dado with flat and raised panels (Type T-42). Jefferson's plan indicates that originally a stove was centered on the north wall. According to Frederick Nichols, the drawing room mantel was removed to the Observatory, probably when the room was decorated in 1929.


Baseboard: Original 5" high wood splashboard (Type T-42).

Cornice: Original 2' 3-1/4" high entablature with two-fascia architrave; frieze with alternating triglyphs and metopes with terra cotta heads attached with handmade screws; and denticulated cornice (Type C-4). The female heads are additionally ornamented with pairs of cast-lead ribbons secured by small, cut nails. All of this ornament was provided by William Coffee.

Doors: Two doors on the north wall with architrave surrounds (Type T-13), painted.

No. 2051: Original, painted 1-3/4" thick stile-and-rail door with six raised panels (Type D-7). Hardware: Original pair of 6-1/4" iron butts and brass-faced iron mortise lock and brass keeper (marked with "RS") with brass knobs and keyhole escutcheons both sides and a swinging keyhole cover on the south side. The door also has a Corbin surface-mounted lock on the south side with a cylinder on the exterior. The mortise lock may be the original one, but the knobs were probably installed in 1929.

No. 2052: Original, painted 1-3/4" thick stile-and-rail door with six raised panels (Type D-7). Hardware: Original pair of 6-1/4" iron butts and brass-faced iron mortise lock and keeper with a brass knob, keyhole escutcheon, and swinging keyhole cover on the south side and an octagonal brass plate on the north side. Evidence of patching in the west jamb just above the lock rail indicates that there was additional hardware at one time. This may be the door originally located in the east wall opening shown in Jefferson's floor plan.

Windows: Four original windows, two in the west wall and two in the south wall, with architrave surrounds (Type T-8) and splayed reveals. Each window has 6/6, double rope-hung sash, pane size 12" by 18", muntin bar 5/8" wide. Windows have recent sweep thumb latches on the meeting rails and cylinder locks on the left ends of the meeting rails with keepers on the left stiles of the upper sash. The openings, architraves, and sash are all original.

Murals: The frescoed murals were painted on wet plaster by Robert and Marthe La Montagne St. Hubert in 1929.


Ceiling: The large scene in the central oval depicts "The Apotheosis of Liberty," painted trompe l'oeil as if the ceiling has opened to reveal the heavens. Four rearing light-brown horses draw a chariot bearing Liberty with an upraised torch across a sky filled with rose-, gray-, and cream-colored clouds. Below, a crowd of men, women, and children dressed in shades of brown, red, blue, and blue-gray celebrate. Many men wave tri-cornered hats. Adjacent shafts hold an American flag with eleven stars and the French tricolor. Behind the crowd are trees with green leaves and massive brown trunks and a simple light gray architectural element of piers supporting an architrave.

Outside the painted oval frame, which is green outlined in dark brown, the field of the ceiling is a deep rose. In each of the corners are crossed olive branches. Inside the branches a plaque (square with heavily cut corners) with a gold frame and blue ground bears a grisaille profile of a Revolutionary figure, named in gilded lettering beneath. The plaques to the west portray the Americans Washington and Franklin; those to the east, the Frenchmen de Grasse and Rochambeau. Each of the portraits is presented by two grisaille angels with prominent wings and long flowing robes.


North Wall: The frescoed north wall between the wood paneled dado and the entablature is divided into five bays. The two doorways in this wall occupy most of the second and fourth bays. Each of the small vertical bays at either end is filled with a large rose-colored rectangle bordered by a green band outlined in dark gray. Near the bottom of the rectangle, a white fleur-de-lis rests between crossed olive branches. The overdoor panels in the second and fourth bays, also banded in green and dark gray, are painted in grisaille. Each is framed at the top and sides by a bay-leaf garland and contains a rectangular panel with the name and dates of a Revolutionary hero lettered in yellow. The panel on the west, covered at the bottom by crossed banners, is lettered "Jefferson 1743-1826"; the panel on the east, covered at the bottom by trumpets crossed by an axe and swords with fronds, is lettered "Lafayette 1757-1834."

The broad central panel on this wall has a wide, painted frame edged on both the interior and exterior with narrow rose-colored bands. Corner squares of light green with dark green borders are connected by light green bands ornamented with two parallel strings of dark green leaves. The scene within, "The Last Meeting of Lafayette and Jefferson at Monticello," depicts the two men embracing on the lawn in front of the house. The main figures and the building behind to the left of center are framed by the dark trunks of the trees that branch to form a thick green canopy, concealing all but small patches of blue sky. Men and women are gathered in a semicircle behind Jefferson and Lafayette. Numerous women and children occupy the right foreground in front of an urn on a pedestal, while several men on horseback can be seen behind the bushes to the left. The women are clothed in shades of purple and red; the men, in shades of brown, gray, and blue; and the children, in white. The panel is signed at the lower left: "La Montagne St Hubert 1929."

The east door in this wall opens to a portion of wall with a fresco portraying the donor, Ormond G. Smith, from just below the waist up, standing in front of shelves filled with books. He is dressed in a gray three-piece suit and has his hands in his pockets. At the lower left are examples of pottery; at the lower right, a painting. Below the portrait is an inscription on a gray ground, lettered in black except for the words "France," "Art," "Music," and "Books," which are in red:

".... THIS ROOM WILL BE ANOTHER SYMBOL OF THE INTERNATIONAL LINK OF FRIENDSHIP BETWEEN THE SISTER REPUBLICS. IT AFFORDS ME A NEW OPPORTUNITY TO GIVE EXPRESSION OF GRATITUDE FOR ALL THAT FRANCE HAS MEANT TO ME. I GREW UP THERE AS A YOUNG MAN AND IT WAS THERE THE MAGIC DOOR TO ART AND MUSIC AND BOOKS WAS OPENED TO ME " --ORMOND G. SMITH


East Wall: The frescoed portion of the east wall is dominated by a large central scene, which is flanked by narrow, vertical, rose-colored panels bordered in green edged in gray and ornamented with fleurs-de-lis and olive branches similar to those of the end panels on the north wall. The border of the central scene is also similar to the main border on the north wall, with a wide band of rose and shades of green containing foliate ornament. Although the title of the work and the exact location portrayed are unknown, the scene depicts French troops arriving to aid colonial forces in the American Revolution. The fresco has a sea of gray, blue, and rose-colored waves in the foreground. Above the horizon, small patches of gray sky can be seen behind brown and gray ships with massive white sails. A longboat in the lower center of the scene filled with men in blue coats and brown tri-cornered hats approaches a small boat filled with hatless men in the lower righthand corner. Most of the men in the longboat man the oars; one controls the rudder; two stand to the front; and one stands forward in the bow waving his hat. Other longboats, also filled with men, follow behind and to the left. The men in the boat in the lower right-hand corner as well as those on the docks above and behind them wave in return. Streamers fly from poles on the dock. The stern of the gray ship behind the central longboat is ornamented with a fleur-de-lis in an oval and also by a crown surmounted by a cross. The American flag and the tricolor can be seen amidst the sails of the ships in the center of the work and to the left.


South Wall: The frescoed portion of the south wall is divided into five bays. The four bays on the east are of equal width; the narrow bay to the west is treated in the same manner as the narrow panels at the ends of both the north and east walls. Windows fill large portions of the first and third bays from the east, and the panels above the windows, painted in grisaille within narrow green borders, are horizontal. Each panel has a large tablet on which is superimposed a bay-leaf garland, arranged like the garlands on the overdoors of the north wall, across the top and down the sides of the panel. The panels each have central crossed horns of flowers flanked by nude children. The children in the first bay extend foliate wreaths towards each other; those in the third bay extend branches, which cross in the center.

Both the second and fourth panels, bordered like the major panels on the other walls with a wide band of rose and shades of green containing foliate ornament, are vertical. On the gray field within the borders, intertwined red drapery and green garlands of bay leaves frame rectangular blue panels with grisaille figures. The panel in the second bay portrays a draped woman carrying a branch in her raised left hand and leading a nude child. The panel in the fourth bay shows two standing draped women with two embracing nude children between them.


West Wall: The frescoed surface between the dado and the cornice of the west wall is divided into three tall, narrow panels (one at each end and one in the middle) and two horizontal panels (over the windows). The three vertical panels are large rose-colored rectangles bordered by green bands outlined in dark gray. The very thin panel to the south and the broader panel in the middle are plain; the panel to the north has a white fleur-de-lis between crossed olive branches as in vertical panels on the other walls.

The panels over the windows, framed with green bands, are painted in grisaille. Both panels, which have a bay-leaf garland at top and sides, portray two nude youths sitting back-to-back on stone plinths. The youths in the panel over the south window hold swords entwined with vines. The youths in the panel over the north window are blowing trumpets with ribbons around them.

Paint Investigation: The existing paint scheme is an integral part of the decor created in 1929 by the St. Huberts. The woodwork has not been repainted since.

ROOM 206 REAR HALL


Prior to 1954, this hall and the adjoining rooms (207, 208, 209, and 210) formed a single large room, which was created circa 1928. This large space, called La Sala de Bolivar, was used as a library and reading room for students studying the Romance languages. At that time, a central chimney mass was removed, and the ceiling structure was reinforced with steel to allow the structure to span the expanded space. Partitions were reinserted into the space in 1954 following the plan of Frederick Nichols.

The two doorways in the east partition open to closets. Doors in the north and south partitions provide access to a bedroom and the bathroom. The broad opening in the west masonry wall that now provides access from the original pavilion to the circa 1860-75 addition was formerly a window.

Dimensions: 4' 4" wide by 11' 2" long by 12' 0" high.

Floor: 2-2/3" wide wood tongue-and-groove boards running east-west, stained and varnished. This floor was probably installed circa 1928.

Ceiling: Painted plaster on lath (circa 1928).

Walls: Painted plaster on lath ( 1954). The west wall is of plaster on the original rear exterior wall of the Jefferson-period pavilion.

Baseboard: 8" high wood baseboard including 6" high splashboard with a l" diameter quarterround at the base and a 2" high molded top (Type B-4, c. 1928 and 1954).

Cornice: l' 0" deep plaster cornice on west wall only (Type C-2), installed circa 1928.

Doors: Four doors and one doorway. There are two doors on the east wall, one each on the north and south wall, and a doorway to the west. Doors have architraves at top and sides (Type T-15). The four architraves, doors, and the hardware were installed in 1954. The doors are painted. The doorway in the west wall was the location for a window prior to the construction of the rear addition circa 1860 to 1875.

No. 2101: 1-3/4" thick stile-and-rail door with six raised and beveled panels (Type D-6). Hardware: Pair of 4-1/2" butts and brass mortise lock and keeper with brass knobs and keyhole escutcheons both sides. The lock is marked "Russwin M82."

No. 2061: 1-3/4" thick stile-and-rail door with six raised and beveled panels (Type D-6). Hardware: Pair of 4-1/2" butts and brass mortise lock and keeper with brass knobs and keyhole escutcheons both sides. The lock is marked "Russwin M87."

No. 2062: 1-3/4" thick stile-and-rail door with six raised and beveled panels (Type D-6). Hardware: Pair of 4-1/2" butts and brass mortise lock and keeper with brass knobs and keyhole escutcheons both sides. The lock is marked "Russwin M88."

No. 2071: 1-3/4" thick stile-and-rail door with six raised and beveled panels (Type D-6). Hardware: Pair of 4-1/2" butts and chrome-faced brass mortise lock with brass knob and keyhole escutcheon on outside and chromed knob and escutcheon on south side.

Lighting: One incandescent fixture in center of ceiling with a 6" diameter brass base and a glass globe (20th century).

Paint Investigation: No nineteenth-century painted surfaces survive in this hall.

ROOM 206A CLOSET

Dimensions: 2' O" wide by 3' 10" long by 12' 0" high.

Floor: 2-1/2" wide wood tongue-and-groove boards running east-west, stained and varnished. This floor was probably installed circa 1928.

Ceiling: Painted plaster on lath (c. 1928).

Walls: Painted plaster on lath (1954).

Baseboard: 5-1/4" high wood baseboard including 4" high splashboard with a 1-1/4" high molded top (Type B-6, c. 1954).

Doors: One painted door in west wall with a 3-1/2" wide architrave (Type T-17) at sides and top. The architrave, door, and hardware were installed in 1954.

No. 2061: 1-3/4" thick stile-and-rail door with six raised and beveled panels (Type D-6). Hardware: Pair of 4-1/2" butts and brass mortise lock and keeper with brass knobs and keyhole escutcheons both sides. The lock is marked "Russwin M87."

Paint Investigation: No nineteenth-century painted surfaces survive in this closet, which was constructed in 1954.

ROOM 206B CLOSET

Dimensions: 3' 6" wide by 8' 3" long by 12' 0" high with a small entry area 2' 6" wide by 3' 9" long to the west.

Floor: 2-1/2" wide wood tongue-and-groove boards running east-west, stained and varnished. This floor was probably installed circa 1928.

Ceiling: painted plaster on lath (c. 1928).

Walls: Painted plaster on lath (1954).

Baseboard: 5-1/4" high wood baseboard including 4" high splashboard with a 1 1/4" high molded top (Type B-6, c. 1954).

Doors: One painted door in west wall with a 3-1/2" wide architrave (Type T-17) at sides and top. The architrave, door, and hardware were installed in 1954.

No. 2062: 1-3/4" thick stile-and-rail door with six raised and beveled panels (Type D-6). Hardware: Pair of 4-1/2" butts and brass mortise lock and keeper with brass knobs and keyhole escutcheons both sides. The lock is marked "Russwin M88." Other Features: There are wood shelves on the north, east, and south walls.

Paint Investigation: No nineteenth-century painted surfaces survive in this closet, which was constructed in 1954.

ROOM 207 BATHROOM


The bathroom was created in 1954 in what was the southwest corner of the large room. A variety of finishes are preserved in this small space including original window sash and an architrave formerly located in the Jefferson portion of the second floor. These elements were removed from their original position in the east wall of the pavilion when the addition was constructed in 1954.

The baseboard found along the west and south walls remains from the large room created in 1928 while the other trim dates from the 1954 remodeling. The single door in the north partition opens into the hall, and a single window in the south wall provides natural light.

Dimensions: 8' 9" wide by 9' 3" long by 12' 0" high.

Floor: 2-1/2" wide wood tongue-and-groove boards running east-west, stained and varnished. This floor was probably installed in 1928.

Ceiling: Painted plaster on lath (c. 1928).

Walls: Painted plaster on masonry (west and south walls) and on lath (north and east partitions). Glazed tile (4-1/4" by 4-1/4" on mortar on walls behind bathtub (1954). The west brick wall is the original rear wall of the Jefferson pavilion.

Baseboard 8" high wood baseboard including 6" high splashboard a 2" high molded top (Type B-4, c. 1928 and 1954).

Cornice: 1' 0" deep plaster cornice on south and west walls only (Type C-2). This cornice was installed in 1928 as part of the cornice that extended around the large room encompassing what are now Rooms 206, 207, 208, 209, and 210.

Doors: One door in north wall with architrave at top and sides (Type T-17). The door is painted white. The architrave, door, and hardware were installed in 1954.

No. 2071: 1-3/4" thick stile-and-rail door with six raised and beveled panels (Type D-6). Hardware: Pair of 4-1/2" butts and chrome-faced brass mortise lock with brass knob and keyhole escutcheon on hall side and chromed components on the south side.

Windows: One opening in south wall with architrave at top and sides (Type T-8), an apron (Type T-10), and splayed reveals. Window has 6/6 double ropehung sash with 12" by 18" panes and a 5/8" wide mullion. There is a recent sweep thumb latch on the meeting rail. The original Jefferson-period trim and sash were formerly located in the rear wall of the original pavilion and were placed here circa 1860 to 1875.

Heating: One seventeen-section, four-column cast-iron hot water radiator in front of the window on the south wall.

Lighting: One incandescent fixture on either side of the medicine cabinet (20th century).

Plumbing: White vitreous china water closet on the east wall. White vitreous china lavatory (20" wide) on west wall. White enameled cast-iron bathtub in the northeast corner.

Other Features: Twentieth-century accessories including one semi-recessed medicine cabinet above lavatory, one chrome-plated shower rod, two 24" chrome-plated towel bars, one toilet paper holder, two chrome-plated glass and toothbrush holders, one chrome-plated soap dish above lavatory, and one ceramic tile soap dish above bathtub.

Paint Investigation: The only nineteenth-century painted surfaces surviving in this room are the window architrave and the sash. Both of these surfaces were originally covered in a yellowish white.

ROOM 208 BATHROOM

This bathroom was constructed in 1954 in the southeast corner of the large room dating from 1928.

The architrave and window sash in the south wall were originally located in the east wall of the Jefferson pavilion. These elements were removed to this location when the rear addition was constructed circa 1860 to 1875. At that time the architrave and sash of the window in the east wall were fabricated. The doorway in the north partition opens into the Dressing Room (Room 209). Two windows, one in the south wall and one in the east wall, provide natural light.

Dimensions: 8' 3" wide by 9' 3" long by 12' 0" high.

Floor: 2-l/2" wide wood tongue-and-groove boards running east-west, stained and varnished. This floor was probably installed circa 1928.

Ceiling: Painted plaster on lath (c. 1928).

Walls: Painted plaster on metal lath (1954) on the north and west partitions. The south and east walls are of plaster on a brick cavity wall. Glazed tile (4-1/4" by 4-1/4") set in mortar on north and west walls behind bathtub (1954).

Baseboard: 8" high wood baseboard including a 6" high splashboard and a 2" high molded top (Type B-4, c. 1928 and 1954).

Cornice: 1' 0" deep plaster cornice on south and east walls only (Type C-2). This cornice was installed in 1928 when a single large room was created in the rear addition.

Doors: One door in north wall with architrave at top and sides (Type T-17). The door is painted white. The architrave, door, and hardware were installed in 1954.

No. 2081: 1-3/4" thick stile-and-rail door with six raised and beveled panels (Type D-9). Hardware: Pair of 4-1/2" butts and chrome-faced brass mortise lock with brass knob and keyhole escutcheon on the hall side and chromed elements on the south side.

Windows: Two circa 1860-75 openings (one in east wall and one in south wall) with architraves at top and sides and splayed reveals. Windows have 6/6 double rope-hung sash with 12" by 18" panes and 5/8" wide mullions. There are recent sweep thumb latches on the meeting rails. The south architrave (Type T-8) and sash are original Jefferson-period elements removed from the rear wall of the original pavilion and placed here circa 1860 to 1875. The east architrave (Type T-5) and sash are near replications created circa 1860 to 1875 when the rear addition was constructed.

Heating: One eighteen-section, four-column cast-iron hot water radiator in front of the window on the south wall.

Lighting: One incandescent ceiling fixture with glass globe mounted in the center north-south and approximately 2' 6" east of west wall. One incandescent fixture on either side of the medicine cabinet (20th century).

Plumbing: White vitreous china water closet on the west wall. White vitreous china lavatory (20" wide) on east wall. White enameled cast-iron bathtub in the northwest corner.

Other Features: Twentieth-century accessories including one semi-recessed medicine cabinet above lavatory, one chrome-plated shower rod, two 18" chrome-plated towel bars, one toilet paper holder, one chrome-plated soap dish above lavatory, and one ceramic tile soap dish above bathtub.

Paint Investigation: Samples removed from the circa 1928 plaster ceiling and cornice revealed that both of these elements were initially finished with a white paint.

ROOM 209 DRESSING ROOM

This space was created as part of the 1954 renovation. Prior to that time, this room-and the surrounding spaces were a single large room dating from the 1928 remodeling for the Department of Romance Languages.

The window sash and architrave were placed here circa 1860 to 1875 when the rear addition was constructed. They were formerly in their original position in the rear (east) wall of the Jefferson pavilion.

Dimensions: 4' 2" wide by 11' 3" long by 12' O" high.

Floor: 2-1/2" wide tongue-and-groove wood boards running east-west, stained and varnished. This floor was probably installed circa 1928.

Ceiling: Painted plaster on lath (c. 1928).

Walls: Painted plaster on lath (1954) except for the east wall which is painted plaster on a brick cavity wall (c. 1860-75 and 1928).

Baseboard: 8" high wood baseboard including 6" high splashboard with a 1" diameter quarterround at the base and a 2" high molded top (Type B-4, c. 1928 and 1954).

Cornice: 1' 0" deep plaster cornice (Type C-2) installed in 1928 on east wall only.

Doors: One door in the south wall with architrave surround (Type T-17) and one doorway in the north wall with architrave surround (Type T-17). The door is painted. The missing door (No. 2102) is stored in the basement.

No. 2081: 1-3/4" thick stile-and-rail door with six raised and beveled panels (Type D-9). Hardware: Pair of 3-1/2" butts and chrome-faced brass mortise lock with brass knob and keyhole escutcheon on the hall side and chromed elements on the south side.

Windows: One window in the east wall with architrave surround (Type T-l on the south side and Type T-8 on the north side) and splayed reveals. Window has 6/6, double rope-hung sash, pane size 12" by 18", muntin bar 5/8" wide. Sash have recent sweep thumb latch on the meeting rail. The architrave and sash are original Jefferson-period elements removed from the former rear wall of the pavilion and placed here circa 1860 to 1875.

Heating: One twelve-section, five-column, cast-iron hot water radiator in front of window in east wall (20th century).

Lighting: One ceiling fixture with a brass-plated, star-shaped base and bare incandescent bulb mounted in the center of the ceiling.

Other Features: Four tall built-in closets on west wall with sliding flush doors below and sliding flush panels above, installed in 1954 or later.

Paint Investigation: The window trim and sash are the only nineteenth-century surfaces in the room. The architrave has approximately thirteen layers of paint, all of which are creams and whites.

ROOM 210 BEDROOM


This large bedroom retains some of the character of the original nineteenth-century space. Prior to the 1928 remodeling, there was a large chimney mass located in the approximate position of the bed recess in the south partition. This chimney and all partitions were removed to create a single large room, which functioned as a library and reading room. The removal of the supporting partitions necessitated the insertion of steel beams into the ceiling structure so that it could span the larger space.

The window architraves of the two north windows are original Jefferson-era elements placed here circa 1860 to 1875. They were formerly located in the rear wall of the original pavilion. The molding profiles match those in Room 202.

The two doorways in the south partition open to the hallway and a dressing room. The door, missing from the opening into the dressing room, was found in storage in the basement laundry room (Room B03). Three windows, two in the north wall and one in the east wall, provide natural light. The wide alcove centered on the south wall is intended for a bed.

Dimensions: 14' 3" wide by 17' 6" long by 12' 0" high.

Floor: 2-l/2" wide tongue-and-groove boards running east-west, stained and varnished. This floor was probably installed circa 1928.

Ceiling: Painted plaster on lath (c. 1928).

Walls: The south partition is painted plaster on lath with corner beads around the recessed alcove (1954). The west wall is of painted plaster on the original rear wall of the Jefferson pavilion. The north and east walls are of plaster on brick cavity walls (c. 1860-75).

Baseboard: 8" high wood baseboard including 6" high splashboard with a recent 1" diameter quarter round at the base and a 2" high molded top (Type B-4, c. 1928 and 1954).

Chair Rail: 3-1/4" high wood molding (Type T-44) installed circa 1928 when the large room was created.

Cornice: 1' O" deep plaster cornice (Type C-2), installed circa 1928. The portion of the cornice on the north wall was added in 1954 when that wall was installed.

Doors: One door and one doorway on the south wall with architrave surrounds (Type T-15). The door is painted. These openings were created in 1954. The missing door (No. 2102) is currently stored in the basement.

No. 2101: Painted 1-3/4" thick stile-and-rail door with six raised and beveled panels (Type D-6). Hardware: Pair of 4-1/2" butts and brass mortise lock and keeper with brass knobs and keyhole escutcheons both sides. The lock is marked "Russwin M82."

Windows: Two windows in the north wall and one window in the east wall with architrave surrounds (Type T-8 on the north wall and Type T-5 on the east) and splayed reveals. Each window has 6/6, double rope-hung sash, pane size 12" by 18", muntin bar 5/8" wide. Sash have sweep thumb latches on the meeting rails. The two north openings are composed of architraves and sash formerly located in the rear wall of the Jefferson pavilion but moved here circa 1860 to 1875 when the rear addition was constructed. The east architrave and sash are near replications installed at that time to match the adjacent windows.

Heating: Twenty-section, three-column, cast-iron hot water radiator at north end of east wall (20th century).

Paint Investigation: When the large room was created circa 1928, the plaster walls were covered in a yellowish white (2.5 Y 9/2). The cornice and the trim were painted in a lighter shade of the yellowish white. When the room was remodeled in 1954 and the present bedroom was created, the walls were first painted a pale peach color, and the woodwork was painted white.

ATTIC
The difficulty of the access to the attic indicates that this space was used only for storage. Unlike Pavilions I and II, no stairway was later constructed to make access easier.

A considerable amount of litter was found on the floor and between the rafters. Most of this was of little interest, but there were two envelopes, one addressed to Henry Hendon Holmes at St. Vincent's College in Wheeling, West Virginia, and one addressed to George F. Holmes (the occupant of the pavilion) from the Pennsylvania Salt Manufacturing Company. Another interesting piece of ephemera is a receipt for a Miss Punkin dated November 10, 1883. It is from W. H. Wheatley and Son of West Washington, D.C., for "dying dress pink $2.25."


The central portion of the attic is one large open space formed by the exterior walls on the east and west and knee walls on the north and south. There are areas behind the knee walls at the north and south. The large chimney mass projects near the center of the space of the attic of the original structure, and there is evidence that another chimney that was part of the addition to the east was removed at some time in the past, probably circa 1928 when the large rooms were created in the rear wing. The only access to the attic is through a hatch in the ceiling of the second floor hall of the original Jefferson-period pavilion.

When the rear addition was constructed circa 1860 to 1875, the east attic wall was removed and repositioned in its present position above the east masonry wall of the addition. The original position of this wall and the exterior entablature is apparent from the existing condition of the structure in that location. A series of large mortise holes, which held the cornice supports (outriggers), are still extant in the roof rafters. Additional roof rafters were added to extend the same roof line over the addition and to meet the original rear pediment in its new position.

Roof framing details of the central portion of this rear extension as well as the floor framing of the first floor two stories below indicate that there was originally a large central chimney mass in this addition. The detailing of the infill framing and the inserted steel beams indicate that this important feature was removed as part of the circa 1928 remodeling.

Dimensions: 20' wide (inside knee walls) by 50' long by 5' 0" high to bottom of collar beams and 9' 3" high to ridge.

Floor: Random-width boards running east-west; the original boards on the west end vary between 4-1/4" to 6" wide and those on the east end (c. 1860-75) vary between 7-1/4" and 13" wide. Steel beams (6" deep with flanges 3-3/8" wide) that were inserted to support the joists of the rear addition when the spaces below were combined into one large room can be seen where portions of the floor have been removed. The beams were inserted circa 1928 when the pavilion was remodeled for use by the Department of Romance Languages.

Ceiling: Roof rafters (2-1/4" to 3" wide by 5" to 5-1/4" deep spaced approximately 1' 7-1/2" on center) are mortised and pegged at the ridge line. They support 11" wide tongue-and-groove sheathing boards. Collar beams (2-3/8" to 3" wide by 5-1/2" to 6-1/8" deep) are mortised into the rafters 5' 2" above the floor. The ceiling structure of the rear wing was originally framed around a large chimney. When the chimney was removed (c. 1928), the framing remained and new supporting rafters were inserted within it.

Walls: The east and west walls have studs (3"+/- by 3-3/4"+/- ) covered on the exterior by sheathing boards (4-3/8" to 6" wide). The 4' 6" high north and south knee walls in the original portion of the building have random-width beaded board (1" thick by 10" to 13-1/4" wide) on studs (1-3/4" wide by 4-1/2" deep) running between the floor joists and the rafters. The knee walls in the addition to the east have random-width boards without beads (1" thick by 7" to 14" wide) on studs made of tongue-and-groove boards (1-1/4" thick by 4-l/4" wide).

Baseboard: West wall has a 6-3/8" high wood baseboard with a 5-3/8" splashboard topped by a quirk and a flush bead. The wood baseboard around the chimney is 9-1/2" high with an 8-1/2" splashboard topped by a quirk and a flush bead (Type B-7).

Windows: Two semi-circular windows (7' 2" in diameter), one at the east and one at the west, with inward-swinging twenty-six-pane sash. There is no trim on the frame. Panes are formed by semicircular muntins and by radiating muntins. The frame of the window in the east wall has two wood turn latches at the top. There is evidence that there were hinges at the bottom of the sash, but they are now missing. The sash in both windows are recent copies of the originals.

Chimney: The chimney mass that comes through the floor from below is 5' 11" in the north-south dimension and 7' 2-3/4" in the east-west dimension. It is of brick 8-1/4" long by 3-3/4" to 3-7/8" wide by 2-1/2" high laid so that six courses equal 1' 6-1/2" to 1' 6-3/4". The chimney corbels in on all sides before going through the roof.


GARDEN


The East Lawn, including Pavilion VI garden, were laid out and planted between 1959 and 1964 to the designs of landscape architect Alden Hopkins of Colonial Williamsburg. Much of the work was carried out for The Garden Club of Virginia. A major component was the removal of a twentieth-century service road and accompanying utility lines, which ran through the center of the gardens. The serpentine walls were reconstructed after their original locations were determined by archaeological investigations; the walls run east-west and separate the gardens of the individual pavilions.

The new Pavilion VI garden was described as follows in 1975:

"The two upper levels of this garden had already been carefully developed before The Garden Club of Virginia began work. The only changes necessary were for access. The brick terrace now has gates at either end as well as an entrance directly from the house. It overlooks a lawn, sometimes referred to as a bowling green, which is reached by central steps on axis with the pavilion. A bench, placed directly across the lawn from the steps, terminates the axis. Surrounding this green is an informal shrub border with benches at each end but no bordering path." "To the east, at the top of a bank, a boxwood hedge divides the green from the orchard below. The orchard is reached by steps at the extremities of the hedge. Beyond the orchard a serpentine cross wall separates it from the hotel garden below. Espaliered fruit trees were planted in the curves of this wall." "Through connecting gates next to the privies, rustic steps run down the slope to a refined wilderness garden. Existing large white pines and Norway spruces were evidence that this hotel area had long been used for something other than a kitchen garden. This adapted use was augmented by planting native shrubs and trees to create woodland thickets at the ends. Through these thickets curved ear-shaped paths carved out shaded retreats with benches. In contrast to these miniature wildernesses, an open oval lawn is ornamented by a stone Gothic spire presented by Merton College of Oxford to the University of Virginia in 1927. This is the architectural touch that creates the typical eighteenth-century, semi-naturalistic atmosphere of an English garden such as Jefferson admired at Blenheim." Note: 74

The following plants were included in the Hopkins design:

Trees

Acer rubrum,
Red Maple

Albizzia Julibrissin,
Mimosa, Silk-Tree

Amelanchier canadensis,
Shad-Bush, Service-Berry

Carpinus caroliniana,
American Hornbeam

Cercis canadensis,
Eastern Redbud

Cornus florida,
Flowering Dogwood

Cornus mas,
Cornelian Cherry

Franklinia alatamaha,
Franklinia

Gymnocladus dioicus,
Kentucky Coffee-Tree

Hamamelis vernalis,
Vernal Witch-Hazel

Ilex opaca,
American Holly

Laburnum anagyroides,
Goldenchain-Tree

Malus pumila,
var., Apple

Nyssa sylvatica,
Tupelo, Black Gum,

Oxydendron arboreum,
Sourwood

Picea Abies,
Norway Spruce

Pinus resinosa,
Red Pine

Pinus Strobus,
White Pine

Pinus sylvestris,
Scotch Pine

Pinus Taeda,
Loblolly Pine

Prunus armeniaca,
Apricot (Espalier)

Prunus domestica,
var., Plum

Prunus Padus,
European Bird Cherry

Prunus persica,
var., Peach

Pyrus communis,
var., Pear

Quercus falcata,
Southern Red Oak

Sassafras albidum,
Sassafras

Tsuga caroliniana,
Carolina Hemlock

Shrubs

Alnus incana,
Speckled Alder

Chaenomeles lagenaria nivalis,
Winter Flowering Quince

Hibiscus syriacus,
Rose-of-Sharon, Shrubby Althea

Hypericum calycinum,
St. John's-Wort

Hypericum prolificum,
Shrubby St. John's-Wort

Ilex glabra,
Inkberry

Ilex monticola,
Mountain Winterberry

Ilex verticillata,
Winterberry

Kalmia latifolia,
Mountain Laurel

Lindera benzoin,
Spicebush

Magnolia virginiana,
Swamp Bay, Sweet Bay Magnolia

Myrica pennsylvanica,
Northern Bayberry

Pieris floribunda,
Mountain Andromeda

Pyracantha coccinea,
Scarlet Firethorn

Rhododendron arborescens,
Sweet Azalea

Rhododendron calendulacea,
Flame Azalea

Rhododendron carolinianum,
Carolina Rhododendron

Rhododendron maximum,
Rosebay Rhododendron

Rhus aromatica,
Fragrant Sumac

Rhus typhina,
Staghorn Sumac

Spiraea cantoniensis,
Reeves-Spiraea

Symphoricarpus albus,
Snowberry

Viburnum acerifolium,
Dockmakcie, Maple-Leaf Viburnum

Viburnum lantana,
Wayfaring-Tree

Viburnum Lentago,
Nanny-Berry

Viburnum prunifolium,
Black-Haw Viburnum

Vines

Bignonia capreolata,
Cross-Vine

Campsis radicans,
Trumpet-Vine

Euonymous obovata,
Running Strawberry Bush

Lonicera sempervirens,
Trumpet Honeysuckle

Parthenocissus quinquefolia,
Virginia Creeper

Herbaceous Plants, Annuals and Perennials

Anemone coronaria,
Poppy Anemone

Brodiaea uniflora,
Spring Starflower

Convallaria majalis,
Lily-of-the Valley

Crocus susianus,
'Cloth-of-Gold' Crocus

Erythonium dens-canis,
Dog's-Tooth Violet

Iris cristata,
Crested Iris

Narcissus Campernelli,
Campernelle Jonquil

Jonquil

Nerine sarniensis,
Guernsey-Lily

Sanguinaria canadensis,
Bloodroot

Smilacina racemosa,
False Solomon's-Seal

Trillium grandififlorum,
Great Trillium

Tulipa,
var., Tulip

Viola tricolor hortensis,
Pansy

Ferns

Comptonia asplenifolia,
Sweet Fern Note: 75


Table of Contents
Last Modified: Friday, 27-Jun-1997 11:51:21 EDT