Virtue:

1. Description of theme:

Textual sources suggest that in the Han and pre-Han period philosophers used traditional Confucian virtues—benevolence, righteousness, purity, wisdom and filial piety-- as a basis for notions of virtuous conduct for women but altered these ideas in subtle and gender-specific ways.

2. Alternate terminology:

   charity
   goodness
   morality

3. Related themes:

   benevolence
   chastity
   filial piety

4. Biographies that employ this theme:

   See biographies for more specific terms in item 3 above.

5. Essays that explicate this theme:

   "Women’s Virtue in Han Times"

6. Related works that explicate this theme:

Confucian Analects

7. Images: