路者、何謂也? 路、大也，道也，正也。君至尊，制度大，所以行道德之正也。 路 者、君串也。

天子大路，諸侯路車，大夫軒車，士飾車。

玉路、大路也極。

名車為輅者，書所以步之于路也。

車所以立乘者何?

制車以步，故立乘。串中不內顧何? 仰即觀天，俯即察地， 前聞 和鸞之聲，旁見四方之運，此車教之道。《論語》曰:"升車必正立執綏，車中不內顧。" 所以有和鸞者何? 以正威儀，節行舒疾也。

鸞者在衡，和者在軾，馬勳則鸞鳴，鸞嗚則和應。 其聲鳴曰和敬，舒則不鳴，疾則失音，明得其和也。故《詩》云:"和鸞雍雍，萬福攸同。" 《魯訓》曰:" 和、設軾者也。鸞、設衡者也。"

《禮記》曰:"天子乘龍，載大旎，象日月升體。"《傳》曰:"天子升龍，諸侯降龍窘。"

Carriages and Banners (Lu, 5a-b; Ch'ên, 12.17b-19b).

Lu means ta 'great', tao 'the Way', chêng 'correct' ¹. Lu also means the Lord's vehicle.

The carriage of the Son of Heaven is called ta-lu, that of a Feudal Lord lu-chü, that of a great officer hsien-chü, that of a common officer shih-chü 大 丨, 丨 車, 軒 丨, 飾 丨 ².

The yü-lu 玉 丨 ³ is the ta-lü.

A vehicle is called lu 輅 ⁴ because with it one treads the 'road' lu.

One drives in a carriage standing.

In a carriage one does not turn one's head round (Lun yü).

The carriage has the ho and luan bells ⁵; the luan bells are on the cross-bar, the ho bells on the front-bar. The bells only sound har- moniously when one drives correctly (Shih; Lu hsün).

The carriage of the Son of Heaven has the picture of an ascending dragon, that of a Feudal Lord the picture of a descending dragon (Li chi; Chuan).