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小斂於戶內,大斂於阼。君以簟席,大夫以蒲席,士以葦席。

小斂:布絞,縮者一,橫者三。君錦衾,大夫縞衾,士緇衾,皆一。衣十有九稱,君陳衣於序東;大夫士陳衣于房中;皆西領北上。絞紟不在列。

大斂:布絞,縮者三,橫者五,布紟二衾。君大夫士一也。君陳衣於庭,百稱,北領西上;大夫陳衣于序東,五十稱,西領南上;士陳衣於序東,三十稱,西領南上。絞紟如朝服,絞一幅為三、不辟,紟五幅、無紞。

小斂之衣,祭服不倒。君無襚,大夫士畢主人之祭服;親戚之衣,受之不以即陳。小斂,君大夫士皆用複衣複衾;大斂,君大夫士祭服無算,君褶衣褶衾,大夫士猶小斂也。

袍必有表,不禪,衣必有裳,謂之一稱。

凡陳衣者實之篋,取衣者亦以篋升,降者自西階。凡陳衣、不詘,非列采不入,絺至紵不入。

凡斂者袒,遷屍者襲。君之喪,大胥是斂,眾胥佐之;大夫之喪,大胥侍之,眾胥是斂;士之喪,胥為侍,士是斂。

小斂大斂,祭服不倒,皆左衽結絞不紐。

斂者既斂必哭。士與其執事則斂,斂焉則為之壹不食。凡斂者六人。

君錦冒黼殺,綴旁七;大夫玄冒黼殺,綴旁五;士緇冒黼 殺,綴旁三。凡冒質長與手齊,殺三尺,自小斂以往用夷衾,夷衾質殺之,裁猶冒也。

君將大斂,子弁至,即位於序端,卿大夫即位于堂廉楹西,北面東上,父兄堂下北面,夫人命婦屍西東面,外宗房中南面。小臣鋪席,商祝鋪絞紟衾衣,士盥于盤,上士舉遷屍於斂上。卒斂,宰告,子馮之踴,夫人東面亦如之。

大夫之喪,將大斂,既鋪絞紟衾衣。君至,主人迎,先入門右,巫止於門外,君釋菜,祝先入升堂,君即位於序端,卿大夫即位于堂廉楹西,北面東上;主人房外南面,主婦屍西,東面。遷屍,卒斂,宰告,主人降,北面於堂下,君撫之,主人拜稽顙,君降、升主人馮之。命主婦馮之。

士之喪,將大斂,君不在,其餘禮猶大夫也。

鋪絞紟,踴;鋪衾,踴;鋪衣,踴;遷屍,踴;斂衣,踴;斂衾,踴;斂絞紟,踴。

君撫大夫,撫內命婦;大夫撫室老,撫侄娣。君大夫馮父母、妻、長子,不馮庶子;士馮父母、妻、長子、庶子,庶子有子,則父母不馮其屍。凡馮屍者,父母先,妻子後。君於臣撫之,父母於子執之,子於父母馮之,婦於舅姑奉之,舅姑於婦撫之,妻於夫拘之,夫於妻於昆弟執之。馮屍不當君所。凡馮屍,興必踴。

父母之喪,居倚廬、不塗,寢苫枕,非喪事不言。君為廬宮之,大夫士襢之。既葬柱楣,塗廬不於顯者。君、大夫、士皆宮之。凡非適子者,自未葬以於隱者為廬。

既葬,與人立:君言王事,不言國事;大夫士言公事,不言家事。

君既葬,王政入於國,既卒哭而服王事;大夫、士既葬,公政入於家,既卒哭、弁至帶,金革之事無辟也。

既練,居堊室,不與人居。君謀國政,大夫、士謀家事。既祥,黝堊。祥而外無哭者;禫而內無哭者,樂作矣故也。

禫而從禦,吉祭而複寢。期居廬,終喪不禦於內者,父在為母為妻;齊衰期者,大功布衰九月者,皆三月不禦於內。婦人不居廬,不寢苫。喪父母,既練而歸;期九月者,既葬而歸。

公之喪,大夫俟練,士卒哭而歸。

大夫、士父母之葬,既練而歸。朔月忌日,則歸哭於宗室。諸父兄弟之喪,既卒哭而歸。

父不次於子,兄不次於弟。

君於大夫、世婦大斂焉;為之賜則小斂焉。於外命婦,既加蓋而君至。於士,既殯而往;為之賜,大斂焉。夫人於世婦,大斂焉;為之賜,小斂焉。於諸妻,為之賜,大斂焉。於大夫外命婦,既殯而往。

大夫、士既殯而君往焉,使人戒之,主人具殷奠之禮,俟於門外。見馬首,先入門右,巫止於門外,祝代之先,君釋菜於門內。祝先升自阼階,負墉南面。君即位於阼。小臣二人執戈立於前,二人立於後。擯者進,主人拜稽顙。君稱言,視祝而踴,主人踴。

大夫則奠可也。士則出俟於門外,命之反奠,乃反奠。卒奠,主人先俟於門外,君退,主人送于門外,拜稽顙。

君於大夫疾,三問之,在殯,三往焉;士疾,壹問之,在殯,壹往焉。君吊則複殯服。

夫人吊於大夫、士,主人出迎于門外,見馬首,先入門右。夫人入,升堂即位。主婦降自西階,拜稽顙於下。夫人視世子而踴。奠如君至之禮。夫人退,主婦送于門內,拜稽顙;主人送于大門之外不拜。

大夫君不迎于門外。入即位於堂下。主人北面,眾主人南面;婦人即位于房中。若有君命,命夫命婦之命,四鄰賓客,其君後主人而拜。

君吊,見屍柩而後踴。大夫、士若君不戒而往,不具殷奠;君退必奠。

君大棺八寸,屬六寸,椑四寸;上大夫大棺八寸,屬六寸;下大夫大棺六寸,屬四寸,士棺六寸。

君裏棺用朱綠,用雜金鐕;大夫裏棺用玄綠,用牛骨鐕;士不綠。

君蓋用漆,三衽三束;大夫蓋用漆,二衽二束;士蓋不用漆,二衽二束。

君、大夫( )鬊爪;實於綠中;士埋之。

君殯用輴,欑至於上,畢塗屋;大夫殯以幬,欑置於西序,塗不暨於棺;士殯見衽,塗上帷之。

熬,君四種八筐,大夫三種六筐,士二種四筐,加魚臘焉。

飾棺,君龍帷三池,振容。黼荒,火三列,黼三列。素錦褚,加偽荒。纁紐六。齊,五采五貝。黼翣二,黻翣二,畫翣二,皆戴圭。魚躍拂池。君纁戴六,纁披六。大夫畫帷二池,不振容。畫荒,火三列,黻三列。素錦褚。纁紐二,玄紐二。齊,三采三貝。黻翣二,畫翣二,皆戴綏。魚躍拂池。大夫戴前纁後玄,披亦如之。士布帷布荒,一池,揄絞。纁紐二,緇紐二。齊,三采一貝。畫翣二,皆戴綏。士戴前纁後緇,二披用纁。

君葬用輴,四綍二碑,禦棺用羽葆。大夫葬用輴,二綍二碑,禦棺用茅。士葬用國車。二綍無碑,比出宮,禦棺用功布。

凡封,用綍去碑負引,君封以衡,大夫士以咸。君命毋嘩,以鼓封;大夫命毋哭;士哭者相止也。

君松槨,大夫柏槨,士雜木槨。

棺槨之間,君容柷,大夫容壺,士容甒。

君裏槨虞筐,大夫不裏槨,士不虞筐。

SECTION II.

The slighter dressing was performed inside the door (of the apartment where the body was); the fuller dressing (at the top of) the steps (leading up to the reception hall) on the east. The body of a ruler was laid on a mat of fine bamboo; of a Great officer, on one of typha grass; and of an ordinary officer, on one of phragmites grass.

At the slighter dressing one band of cloth was laid straight, and there were three bands laid cross-wise. The sheet for a ruler's body was embroidered; for a Great officer's, white; for an ordinary officer's, black:--each had one sheet.There were nineteen suits of clothes 1; those for the ruler, displayed in the corridor on the east; and those for a Great officer, or a common officer, inside the apartments:--all with their collars towards the west, those in the north being the best. The sash and sheet were not reckoned among them.

At the fuller dressing there were three bands of cloth laid straight, and five laid cross-wise. There were (also) strings of cloth, and two sheets:--equally for a ruler, a Great officer, and a common officer. The clothes for a ruler consisted of one hundred suits, displayed in the courtyard, having their collars towards the north, those on the west being the best; those of a Great officer were fifty suits, displayed in the corridor on the east, having the collars towards the west, those on the south being the best; those of a common officer were thirty suits, displayed also in the corridor on the east, with their collars towards the west, the best on the south. The bands and strings were of the same quality as the court robes. One strip of the band-cloth was divided into three, but at the ends was not further divided. The sheets were made of five pieces, without strings or buttons.

Among the clothes at the slighter dressing, the sacrificial robes were not placed below the others. For the ruler no clothes were used that were presented. For a Great officer and a common officer, the sacrificial (and other) robes belonging to the principal mourner were all used, and then they used those contributed by their relatives; but these were not displayed along with the others.At the slighter dressing, for a ruler, a Great officer, and a common officer, they used wadded upper robes and sheets.At the greater dressing, the number of sacrificial (and other) robes put on a ruler, a Great officer, or another officer, was not definitely fixed; but the upper robes and sheets for a ruler had only a thin lining, (instead of being wadded); for a Great officer and a common officer, they were as at the slighter dressing.

The long robe (worn in private) had a shorter one placed over it;--it was not displayed alone. It was the rule that with the upper garment the lower one should also be shown. So only could they be called a suit.

All who set forth the clothes took them from the chests in which they had been deposited; and those who received the clothes brought (as contributions) placed them in (similar) chests. In going up to the hall and descending from it, they did so by the steps on the west. They displayed the clothes without rumpling them. They did not admit any that were not correct; nor any of fine or coarse dolychos fibre, or of coarse flax.

All engaged in dressing the corpse had their arms bared; those who moved it into the coffin, had their breasts covered. At the funeral rites for a ruler, the Great officer of prayer performed the dressing, assisted by all the members of his department; at those for a Great officer, the same officer stood by, and saw all the others dress the body; at those of a common officer, the members of that department stood by, while other officers (his friends) performed the dressing.

At both the dressings the sacrificial robes were not placed below the others. They were all placed with the lappel to lie on the left side. The bands were tied firmly, and not in a bow-knot.

The rule was that the dressers should wail, when they had completed their work. But in the case of an officer, as the dressing was performed by those who had served in office along with him, they, after the work was done, omitted a meal. In all cases the dressers were six.

The body cases (used before the dressing) were made:--for a ruler, the upper one embroidered, and the lower one striped black and white, with seven strings on the open side; for a Great officer, the upper one dark blue, and the lower one striped black and white, with five tie-strings on the side; for a common officer, the upper one black, and the lower one red, with three tie-strings at the side. The upper case came down to the end of the hands, and the lower case was three feet long. At the smaller dressing and afterwards, they used coverlets laid on the body (instead of these cases), their size being the same as that of the cases.

When the great dressing of a ruler's body was about to commence, his son, with the sackcloth band about his cap, went to his place at the (south) end of the (eastern) corridor, while the ministers and Great officers took theirs at the corner of the hall, with the pillar on their west, their faces to the north, and their row ascending to the east. The uncles, brothers, and cousins were below the hall, with their faces to the north. The (son's) wife, and other wives whose position had been confirmed were on the west of the body, with their faces to the east. The female relations from the other states were in their apartments with their faces to the south. Inferior officers spread the mats. The Shang officers of prayer spread the strings, the coverlet, and clothes. The officers had their hands over the vessels. They then lifted the corpse and removed it to the place for the dressing. When the dressing was finished, the superintendent announced the fact. The son then (seemed to) lean on it, and leaped while his wife did the same, with her face to the east.

At the mourning rites of a Great officer, when they were about to proceed to the great dressing, and the tie-strings, coverlets, and clothes had all been spread out, the ruler arrived, and was met by (the son), the principal mourner. The son entered before him, (and stood) at the right of the gate, outside which the exorcist stopped. The ruler having put down the vegetables (as an offering to the spirit of the gate), and the blesser preceding him, entered and went up to the hall. He then repaired to his place at the end of the corridor, while the ministers and Great officers took theirs at the corner of the hall on the west of the pillar, looking to the north, their row ascending to the east. The presiding mourner was outside the apartment (where the corpse was), facing the south. His wife presiding was on the west of the body, facing the east. When they had moved the corpse, and finished the dressing, the steward reported that they had done so, and the presiding mourner went down below the hall, with his face to the north. There the ruler laid on him the soothing hand, and he bowed with his forehead to the ground. The ruler signified to him to go up, and lean on the body, and also requested his wife, presiding, to lean on it.

At the mourning rites for a common officer, when they were about to proceed to the great dressing, the ruler was not present. In other respects the observances were the same as in the case of a Great officer.

They also leaped at the spreading out of the ties and strings; of the sheet; of the clothes; at the moving of the corpse; at the putting on of the clothes; of the coverlet; and of the adjusting of the ties and bands.

The ruler laid his hand on the body of a Great officer, and on that of the most honourable ladies of his own harem. A Great officer laid his hand on the body of the steward of his house, and on that of his niece and the sister of his wife, who had accompanied her to the harem.The ruler and a Great officer leant closely with their breasts over the bodies of their parents, wives, and eldest sons, but not over those of their other sons.A common officer, however, did so also to all his other sons.If a son by a concubine had a son, the parents did not perform this ceremony over him. When it was performed, the parents did it first, and then the wife and son.A ruler laid his hand on the body of a minister; parents, while bending over that of a son, also took hold of his hand. A son bent over his parents, bringing his breast near to theirs. A wife seemed as if she would place her two arms beneath the bodies of her parents-in-law; while they (simply) laid their hands on her. A wife made as if she would cling to her husband's body; while the husband held her hand as he did that of a brother or cousin. When others brought the breast near the body of a corpse, they avoided the point at which the ruler had touched it. After every such mark of sorrow, the mourner rose up and leaped.

At the mourning rites for a parent, (the son) occupied the slanting shed, unplastered; slept on straw, with a clod of earth for his pillow. He spoke of nothing but what related to the rites. A ruler enclosed this hut; but Great and common officers left it exposed.After the burial, the inclined posts were set up on lintels, and the hut was plastered, but not on the outside which could be seen. Rulers, Great and common officers, all had it enclosed.All the other sons, but the eldest by the proper wife, even before the burial had huts made for themselves in out-of-the-way places.

After the burial, the son would stand with others. If a ruler, he would speak of the king's affairs, but not of those of his own state. If a Great officer, or a common officer, he would speak of the ruler's affairs, but not of those of his own clan or family.

When the ruler was buried, the royal ordinances came into the state. After the wailing was finished, the new ruler engaged in the king's affairs.When a Great officer or a common officer was buried, the ordinances of the state came to his family. After the wailing was finished, while continuing the sackcloth band round his cap, and the girdle, he might don his armour and go into the field.

After the mourning was changed at the end of a year, (the sons) occupied the unplastered apartment, and did not occupy one along with others. Then the ruler consulted about the government of the state; and Great officers and common officers about the affairs of their clan and families. After the sacrifice at the end of two years, the ground of the apartment was made of a dark green, and the walls were whitened. After this, they no longer wailed outside; and after the sacrifice at the end of twenty-seven months, they did not do so inside; for, after it, music began to be heard.

After that sacrifice, at the end of twenty-seven months, (the son) attended to all his duties; and after the felicitous sacrifice (of re-arranging the tablets in his ancestral temple), he returned to his (usual) chamber.At the one year's mourning, he occupied the hut; and when it was completed, the occasions on which he did not seek the nuptial chamber were:--when his father was alive, and he had been wearing the hemmed sackcloth of a year for his mother or his wife, and when he had been wearing the cloth mourning of nine months; on these occasions, for three months he did not seek the intercourse of the inner chamber.A wife did not occupy the hut, nor sleep on the straw. At the mourning for her father or mother, when she had changed the mourning at the end of a year, she returned to her husband; when the mourning was that of nine months, she returned after the burial.

At the mourning rites for a duke (of the royal domain), his Great officers continued till the change of mourning at the end of a year, and then returned to their own residences. A common officer returned at the conclusion of the wailing.

At the mourning rites for their parents, (the other sons who were) Great officers or common officers, returned to their own residences after the change of the mourning at the end of the year; but on the first day of the month and at full moon, and on the return of the death-day, they came back and wailed in the house of him who was now the Head of their family.At the mourning for uncles and cousins, they returned to their own residences at the conclusion of the wailing.

A father did not take up his quarters (during the mourning) at a son's, nor an elder brother at a younger's.

At the mourning rites for a Great officer or his acknowledged wife, a ruler (went to see) the greater dressing; but if he wished to show special favour, he attended the slighter dressing.The ruler, in the case of an acknowledged wife, married to a Great officer of a different surname from his own, arrived after the lid was put on the coffin.He went to an officer's, when the body was put into the coffin; but if he wanted to show special favour, he attended at the greater dressing.The ruler's wife, at the mourning for a (Great officer's) acknowledged wife, attended at the greater dressing; but if she wished to show special favour, at the slighter. In the case of his other wives, if she wished to show special favour, she attended at the greater dressing. In the case of a Great officer's acknowledged wife, who was of a different surname from her own, she appeared after the coffining had taken place.

When the ruler went to a Great officer's or a common officer's, after the coffining had taken place, he sent word beforehand of his coming. The chief mourner provided all the offerings to be set down for the dead in the fullest measure, and waited outside the gate, till he saw the heads of the horses. He then led the way in by the right side of the gate. The exorcist stopped outside, and the blesser took his place, and preceded the ruler, who put down the offerings of vegetables (for the spirit of the gate) inside it. The blesser then preceded him up the eastern steps, and took his place with his back to the wall, facing the south. The ruler took his place at (the top of) the steps; two men with spears standing before him, and two behind. The officer of reception then advanced. The chief mourner bowed, laying his forehead to the ground. The ruler then said what he had to say; looked towards the blesser and leaped. The chief mourner then (also) leaped.

If the visit were paid to a Great officer, the offerings might at this point be put down by the coffin. If it were to a common officer, he went out to wait outside the gate. Being requested to return and put down the offerings, he did so. When this was done, he preceded the ruler, and waited for him outside the gate. When the ruler retired, the chief mourner escorted him outside the gate, and bowed to him, with his forehead to the ground.

When a Great officer was ill, the ruler thrice inquired for him; and when his body was coffined, visited (his son) thrice. When a common officer was ill, he inquired for him once; and when his body was coffined, visited (his son) once.When the ruler came to condole (after the coffining), the (son) put on again the clothes he had worn at the coffining.

When the ruler's wife went to condole at a Great officer's or a common officer's, the chief mourner went out to meet her outside the gate, and, when he saw her horses' heads, went in before her by the right side of the gate. She then entered, went up to the hall, and took her place. The wife presiding went down by the steps on the west, and bowed with her head to the ground below (the hall). The ruler's wife looked towards her eldest son (who had accompanied her), and leaped.The offerings were put down according to the rules for them on the visit of the ruler. When she retired, the wife presiding went with her to the inside of the door of the apartment, and bowed to her with her head to the ground. The chief mourner escorted her to the outside of the great gate, but did not bow.

When a Great officer came to the mourning rites of one of his officers to whom he stood in the relation of ruler, the officer did not meet him outside the gate. He entered and took his place below the hall. The chief mourner (stood on the south of his place), with his face to the north, though the general rule for chief mourners was to face the south. The wife took her place in the room.If, at this juncture, there came a message from the ruler of the state, or one from a confirmed (Great) officer or his confirmed wife, or visitors from the neighbouring states, the Great officer-ruler, having the chief mourner behind him, performed the bow of ceremony to each visitor.

When a ruler, on a visit of condolence, saw the bier for the corpse, he leaped.If a ruler had not given notice beforehand of his coming to a Great officer or a common officer, and he had not prepared the various offerings to be put down by the coffin on the occasion, when the ruler withdrew, the rule was that they should then be put down.

The largest (or outermost) coffin of the ruler of a state was eight inches thick; the next, six inches; and the innermost, four inches. The larger coffin of a Great officer of the highest grade was eight inches thick; and the inner, six inches; for one of the lowest grade, the dimensions were six inches and four. The coffin of a common officer was six inches thick.

The (inner) coffin of a ruler was lined with red (silk), fixed in its place with nails of various metals; that of a Great officer with (silk of a) dark blue, fixed with nails of ox-bone; that of a common officer was lined, but had no nails.

The lid of a ruler's coffin was varnished, with three double wedges (at the edges) over which were three bands; that of a Great officer's was (also) varnished, with two double wedges and two bands; that of a common officer was not varnished, but it had two double wedges and two bands.

The (accumulated) hair and nails of a ruler and Great officer were placed (in bags) at the four corners of the coffin; those of an officer were buried (without being put in the coffin).

The coffin of a ruler was placed upon a bier, which was surrounded with high stakes, inclined over it till, when all was finished and plastered, there was the appearance of a house. That of a Great officer, having been covered with a pall, was placed in the western corridor and staked, but the plastering did not reach all over the coffin. That of a common officer was placed so that the double wedges could be seen; above that it was plastered. All were screened.

Of scorched grain there were put by the coffin of a ruler eight baskets, containing four different kinds; by that of a Great officer, six baskets, containing three kinds; by that of a common officer, four baskets, containing two kinds. Besides these, there were (dried) fish and flesh.

Ornamenting the coffin (on its way to the grave), there were for a ruler:--the curtains with dragons (figured on them), and over them three gutter-spouts; the fluttering ornaments (with pheasants figured on them and the ends of the curtains); above (on the sloping roof of the catafalque) were figures of axe-heads, of the symbol of discrimination, thrice repeated, and of flames, thrice repeated. These occupied the pall-like roof of white silk, as embroidery, and above it was the false covering attached to it by six purple ties, and rising up with ornaments in five colours and five rows of shells. There were (at the corners) two streamers of feathers, suspended from a frame with the axes on it; two from another, bearing the symbol of discrimination; two from another, variously figured; all the frames on staffs, showing jade-symbols at the top. Fishes were made as if leaping at the ends of the gutters, The whole of the catafalque was kept together by six supports rising from the coffin, and wound round with purple silk, and six sustaining ropes, also purple, (drawn through the curtains).For the catafalque of a Great officer there were painted curtains, with two gutter-spouts (above them); there were not the fluttering ornaments; above (on the sloping roof) there were flames painted, thrice repeated; and three symbols of discrimination. These formed the pall-like roof, and there were two purple ties, and two of deep blue. At the very top there were ornaments in three colours, and three rows of shells. There were two feather-streamers from a frame with axes, and two from a painted frame; all the frames on staffs with plumage at the tops. Figures of fishes were made at the ends of the gutters. The front supports of a Great officer's catafalque were purple, and those behind deep blue. So also were the sustaining ropes.For the catafalque of a common officer, the curtains were of (plain) linen, and there was the sloping roof. There was (but) one gutter-spout. There were the fluttering pheasants on the bands. The purple ties were two, and the black also two. At the very top the ornaments were of three colours, and there was only one row of shells. The streamers of feathers from a painted frame were two, the staffs of which had plumage at their tops. The front supports of the catafalque were purple, and those behind black. The sustaining ropes were purple.

In burying the coffin of a ruler, they used a bier, four ropes, and two pillars. Those guiding the course of the coffin carried the shade with pendent feathers.In burying a Great officer, they used two ropes and two pillars. Those who guided the coffin used a reed of white grass.In burying a common officer, they used a carriage of the state. They employed two ropes and no post. As soon as they left the residence, those who directed the coffin used the shade of merit.

In letting down the coffin into the grave, they removed the ropes from the posts, and pulled at them with their backs to the posts. For a ruler's coffin, they also used levers, and for a Great officer's or a common officer's, ropes attached to the sides of the coffin. Orders were given that they should not cry out in letting down that of the ruler. They let it down as guided by the sound of a drum. In letting down a Great officer's, they were commanded not to wail. In letting down a common officer's, those who began to wail stopped one another.

The outer shell of the coffin of a ruler was of pine; of a Great officer, of cypress; of another officer, of various kinds of wood.

The surface between the coffin and shell of a ruler was sufficient to contain a music stopper; in the case of the coffin and shell of a Great officer, a vase for water; in that of the coffin and shell of a common officer, a jar of liquor.

In the rites of a ruler, the shell was lined, and there were baskets of yü; in those of a Great officer, the shell was not lined; in those of a common officer, there were no baskets of yü 2.

Notes

1. So in all our dictionaries; as in Medhurst, 衣一稱, 'a suit of clothes.' But why nineteen suits? Kang and Ying-ta say, 'To make up ten, the concluding number of heaven; and nine, that of earth.' But how shall we account for the hundred, fifty, and thirty suits at the greater dressing, in next paragraph? These suits were set forth, I suppose, for display; they could hardly be for use.

2. We cannot tell what these baskets were. Kang says he did not know, and the Khien-lung editors think they may have contained the grain mentioned in paragraph 36. Otherwise, the paragraph is obscure.

On the next page there is given a figure of the catafalque over the coffin as borne to the grave, copied from the second volume of P. Zottoli's work. A larger one, more fully illustrating the details of the text, forms the last plate in the Khien-lung edition of the Classic; but it is so rough and complicated that the friend who has assisted me with most of the figures that I have ventured to introduce shrank from attempting to reproduce it on a smaller scale.

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